Deuteronomy 29:10-15
All Israel stands before the Lord to enter His covenant oath, because the God who swore to the fathers is confirming a people for Himself across the whole assembled community and beyond the present generation.
10 All of you stand today in the presence of Yahweh your God: your heads, your tribes, your elders, and your officers, even all the men of Israel,
11 your little ones, your wives, and the foreigners who are in the middle of your camps, from the one who cuts your wood to the one who draws your water,
12 that you may enter into the covenant of Yahweh your God, and into his oath, which Yahweh your God makes with you today,
13 that he may establish you today as his people, and that he may be your God, as he spoke to you and as he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
14 Neither do I make this covenant and this oath with you only,
15 but with those who stand here with us today before Yahweh our God, and also with those who are not here with us today
All Israel stands before the LORD to enter His covenant oath, because the God who swore to the fathers is confirming a people for Himself across the whole assembled community and beyond the present generation.
Moses identifies the gathered covenant community standing before the LORD: leaders, officials, men, children, wives, and resident foreigners who serve within the camp. The passage explains that they stand there to enter the LORD's covenant oath, so that He may confirm them as His people and be their God in faithfulness to the promise sworn to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, with covenant reach extending beyond those physically present that day.
The setting is Moab, east of the Jordan, after the wilderness generation has died and before the new generation enters the land. Moses addresses Israel as a covenant assembly that includes leaders, households, children, resident foreigners, and laborers within the camp. The covenant in view is made in addition to the covenant at Horeb and is rooted in the LORD's oath to the patriarchs.
The Covenant Renewed in Moab and the Warning Against Hidden Apostasy
Deuteronomy 29 teaches that covenant membership must not become covenant presumption: the whole people stand before the LORD under His revealed word, while secret idolatry and stubborn self-blessing lead to curse and exile.