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Ithamar was the ancestor of Eli who acted as High Priest (1Sa.14.3; 1Ki.2.27) before Samuel become a Judge.

Ithamar's descendants continued to serve as priests (1Ch.24.1-6). They were divided into divisions for their appointed duties, just as Aaron's other descendants were..

In Ezr.8.2, a descendant of Ithamar named Daniel is mentioned among the priests who returned to Jerusalem from the Babylonian exile. This highlights the continuity of Ithamar's lineage in the priesthood.