What does κακοπαθέω (kakopathéō) mean in the Bible?
κακοπαθέω (kakopathéō): Endure active affliction or hardship, not mere passive suffering or misfortune
Greek · G2553
κακοπαθέω
To undergo hardship
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κακοπαθέω G2553
Pronunciation kakopathéō
What does κακοπαθέω (kakopathéō) mean in the Bible?
κακοπαθέω (kakopathéō): Endure active affliction or hardship, not mere passive suffering or misfortune
Full entry for κακοπαθέω (G2553) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G2553?
The BSB source-word alignment has 3 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include endure hardship (1), I suffer (1), suffering (1).
Where does κακοπαθέω (kakopathéō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at 2 Timothy 2:9. Its strongest book concentrations include 2 Timothy (2), James (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It endure hardship 1× 2 Timothy 4:5
I suffer 1× 2 Timothy 2:9
suffering 1× James 5:13
Show sample aligned rows
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row 2 Timothy 2:9
Aligned rows 3
Books represented 2
2 Timothy 2 James 1
Source forms
Κακοπαθεῖ 1x Kakopathei James 5:13
κακοπάθησον 1x kakopathēson 2 Timothy 4:5
κακοπαθῶ 1x kakopathō 2 Timothy 2:9
Parsing patterns
Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular 1x 2 Timothy 4:5
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular 1x 2 Timothy 2:9
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular 1x James 5:13
Evidence Summary
Messiah
Greek word. Endure active affliction or hardship, not mere passive suffering or misfortune
Strong's G2553
Lexical occurrences 3 verses Greek text appearances 4 times Word forms 2 forms 3 references Verse guides 0 guides
Study link 2 Timothy 4:1-5 Source Gloss
to undergo hardship
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
4 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
2 Timothy 2:3 Verb Second Person Singular Aorist Active Imperative
κακοπάθησον kakopaqhson
I suffer evil, endure affliction
Read verse 2 Timothy 2:9 Verb First Person Singular Present Active Indicative
κακοπαθῶ kakopaqw
I suffer evil, endure affliction
Read verse 2 Timothy 4:5 Verb Second Person Singular Aorist Active Imperative
κακοπάθησον, kakopaqhson
I suffer evil, endure affliction
Read verse James 5:13 Verb Third Person Singular Present Active Indicative
Κακοπαθεῖ kakopaqei
I suffer evil, endure affliction
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Grammatical Forms
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 2 Aligned forms 3 Tenses Present, Aorist Voices Active
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Tenses
Voices
Indicative states a fact or reality 2×
Present Active 2 Tim 2:9 · Jas 5:13 2×
Imperative command or strong request 1×
Aorist Active 2 Tim 4:5 1×
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 3 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
present 2 aorist 1
Voice
active 3
Mood
indicative 2 imperative 1
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
New Testament Witnesses
to suffer hardship or endure difficulty
Showing 1 selected witness from 3 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
κακοπαθέω is built from this root:
κακοπάθεια G2552
Why This Word Matters
Faithful ministry requires perseverance through opposition and difficulty. 2 Timothy 4:1-5
Canonical Themes
Messiah
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain