What does κοινός (koinós) mean in the Bible?
κοινός (koinós): Shifts from "shared by all" to "ritually unclean" depending on religious context, never merely ordinary.
Greek · G2839
κοινός
Common: unsanctified
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κοινός G2839
Pronunciation koinós
What does κοινός (koinós) mean in the Bible?
κοινός (koinós): Shifts from "shared by all" to "ritually unclean" depending on religious context, never merely ordinary.
Full entry for κοινός (G2839) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G2839?
The BSB source-word alignment has 14 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include impure (3), unclean (3), . . . (1), [it is] unclean (1), [our] common (1).
Where does κοινός (koinós) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Mark 7:2. Its strongest book concentrations include Acts (5), Romans (3), Mark (2), Hebrews (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It impure 3× Acts 10:14, Acts 10:28, Acts 11:8
unclean 3× Romans 14:14, Revelation 21:27
. . . 1× Acts 4:32
[it is] unclean 1× Romans 14:14
[our] common 1× Titus 1:4
[that were] defiled 1× Mark 7:2
in common 1× Acts 2:44
profaned 1× Hebrews 10:29
share 1× Jude 1:3
with defiled 1× Mark 7:5
Show sample aligned rows
Mark 7:2 κοιναῖς to [that were] defiled Adjective - Dative Feminine Plural Mark 7:5 κοιναῖς to with defiled Adjective - Dative Feminine Plural Acts 2:44 κοινά to in common Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural Acts 4:32 κοινά to . . . Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural Acts 10:14 κοινὸν to impure Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular Acts 10:28 κοινὸν to impure Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular Acts 11:8 κοινὸν to impure Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular Romans 14:14 κοινὸν to unclean Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular Romans 14:14 κοινὸν to unclean Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular Romans 14:14 κοινόν to [it is] unclean Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Mark 7:2
Aligned rows 14
Books represented 7
Mark 2 Acts 5 Romans 3 Titus 1 Hebrews 1 Jude 1 Revelation 1
Source forms
κοινὸν 7x koinon Acts 10:14, Acts 10:28, Acts 11:8, Romans 14:14
κοινά 2x koina Acts 2:44, Acts 4:32
κοιναῖς 2x koinais Mark 7:2, Mark 7:5
κοινὴν 1x koinēn Titus 1:4
κοινῆς 1x koinēs Jude 1:3
κοινόν 1x koinon Romans 14:14
Parsing patterns
Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular 5x Acts 11:8, Romans 14:14, Revelation 21:27
Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular 2x Acts 10:14, Hebrews 10:29
Adjective - Dative Feminine Plural 2x Mark 7:2, Mark 7:5
Adjective - Accusative Feminine Singular 1x Titus 1:4
Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular 1x Acts 10:28
Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural 1x Acts 2:44
Adjective - Genitive Feminine Singular 1x Jude 1:3
Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural 1x Acts 4:32
Evidence Summary
Greek word. Shifts from "shared by all" to "ritually unclean" depending on religious context, never merely ordinary.
Strong's G2839
Lexical occurrences 14 verses Greek text appearances 12 times Word forms 8 forms 14 references Verse guides 0 guides
Study link Acts 10:1-23 Source Gloss
common: unsanctified
Extended definition Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Shifts from "shared by all" to "ritually unclean" depending on religious context, never merely ordinary.
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
12 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
Mark 7:2 Adjective Dative Plural Feminine
κοιναῖς koinaiv
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Acts 2:44 Adjective Accusative Plural Neuter
κοινά, koina
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Acts 4:32 Adjective Nominative Plural Neuter
κοινά. koina
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Acts 10:14 Adjective Accusative Singular Neuter
κοινὸν koinon
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Acts 10:28 Adjective Accusative Singular Masculine
κοινὸν koinon
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Acts 11:8 Adjective Nominative Singular Neuter
κοινὸν koinon
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Romans 14:14 Adjective Nominative Singular Neuter
κοινὸν koinon
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Romans 14:14 Adjective Accusative Singular Neuter
κοινὸν koinon
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Romans 14:14 Adjective Nominative Singular Neuter
κοινόν. koinon
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Titus 1:4 Adjective Accusative Singular Feminine
κοινὴν koinhn
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Hebrews 10:29 Adjective Accusative Singular Neuter
κοινὸν koinon
common, shared, unclean
Read verse Jude 1:3 Adjective Genitive Singular Feminine
κοινῆς koinhv
common, shared, unclean
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Grammatical Forms
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
This word appears as a noun across 8 case and number patterns. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.
Form patterns 8 Aligned forms 14 Case pattern Nominative (6) Number pattern Singular (10)
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Nominative · Singular · Neuter Acts 11:8 · Rom 14:14 · Rev 21:27 5×
Nominative · Plural · Neuter Acts 4:32 1×
Genitive · Singular · Feminine Jude 1:3 1×
Dative · Plural · Feminine Mark 7:2 · Mark 7:5 2×
Accusative · Singular · Neuter Acts 10:14 · Heb 10:29 2×
Accusative · Plural · Neuter Acts 2:44 1×
Accusative · Singular · Masculine Acts 10:28 1×
Accusative · Singular · Feminine Titus 1:4 1×
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
New Testament Witnesses
Profane or ritually unclean.
Showing 1 selected witness from 14 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
κοινός is built from this root:
Why This Word Matters
The declaration of cleansing signals expanded covenant inclusion. Acts 10:1-23
Canonical Themes
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain