What does πνεῦμα · σάρξ mean in the Bible?
πνεῦμα · σάρξ is a Greek phrase meaning "spirit; flesh, human weakness in bodily creatureliness and vulnerability".
Greek · G4151, G4561
πνεῦμα / σάρξ
Spirit/breath: spirit · flesh
Reading a lexicon entry
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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant
πνεῦμαG4151spirit/breath: spirit
Pronunciationpneûma
Spirit as the immaterial dimension of human existence, or God's transformative power, distinct from soul and body.
Open lexicon entry →σάρξG4561flesh
Pronunciationsárx
In Paul, flesh denotes humanity's fallen nature as opposed to God's Spirit, not mere physical body.
Open lexicon entry →What does πνεῦμα / σάρξ (pneuma / sarx) mean in the Bible?
πνεῦμα · σάρξ is a Greek phrase meaning "spirit; flesh, human weakness in bodily creatureliness and vulnerability".
Full entry for πνεῦμα / σάρξ (G4151, G4561) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How many biblical occurrences are listed for G4151, G4561?
G4151, G4561 is connected to 379 lexical occurrence verses in the lexicon data.
Evidence Summary
Greek phrase. spirit; flesh, human weakness in bodily creatureliness and vulnerability
Source Gloss
spirit; flesh, human weakness in bodily creatureliness and vulnerability
Grammatical Forms
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
This word appears as a noun across 8 case and number patterns. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.
Form patterns8Aligned forms379Case patternGenitive (106)Number patternSingular (345)
Nominative · Singular · NeuterMatt 10:20 · Matt 12:43 · Matt 26:41 · Mark 1:12 · Mark 1:26 · Mark 5:8 · Mark 9:20 · Mark 9:25 · Mark 13:11 · Mark 14:38 · Luke 1:35 · Luke 1:47 · Luke 2:25 · Luke 4:18 · Luke 8:55 · Luke 9:3993×
Nominative · Plural · NeuterMark 3:11 · Mark 5:13 · Luke 10:20 · 1 Cor 14:32 · Heb 1:14 · Rev 4:5 · Rev 5:6 · Rev 16:148×
Genitive · Singular · NeuterMatt 1:18 · Matt 1:20 · Matt 4:1 · Matt 12:31 · Matt 12:32 · Matt 28:19 · Luke 1:15 · Luke 1:41 · Luke 1:67 · Luke 2:26 · Luke 4:1 · Luke 4:14 · John 3:5 · John 3:6 · John 3:8 · John 7:3995×
Genitive · Plural · NeuterMatt 10:1 · Mark 6:7 · Luke 6:18 · Luke 7:21 · Luke 8:2 · Acts 5:16 · 1 Cor 12:10 · 1 Cor 14:12 · Heb 12:9 · Rev 1:4 · Rev 22:611×
Dative · Singular · NeuterMatt 3:11 · Matt 5:3 · Matt 12:28 · Matt 22:43 · Mark 1:8 · Mark 1:23 · Mark 2:8 · Mark 5:2 · Mark 8:12 · Mark 9:25 · Mark 12:36 · Luke 1:17 · Luke 1:80 · Luke 2:27 · Luke 3:16 · Luke 4:191×
Dative · Plural · NeuterMark 1:27 · Luke 4:36 · 1 Tim 4:1 · Heb 12:23 · 1 Pet 3:195×
Accusative · Singular · NeuterMatt 3:16 · Matt 12:18 · Matt 27:50 · Mark 1:10 · Mark 3:29 · Mark 3:30 · Mark 7:25 · Mark 9:17 · Luke 3:22 · Luke 4:33 · Luke 11:13 · Luke 12:10 · Luke 13:11 · Luke 23:46 · Luke 24:37 · John 1:3266×
Accusative · Plural · NeuterMatt 8:16 · Matt 12:45 · Luke 11:26 · Acts 8:7 · Acts 19:12 · Acts 19:13 · Heb 1:7 · 1 John 4:1 · Rev 3:1 · Rev 16:1310×
Word Origins
πνεῦμα / σάρξ is built from this root: