What does σκοτόω (skotóō) mean in the Bible?
σκοτόω (skotóō) is a Greek word meaning "to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)".
Greek · G4656
σκοτόω
To obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)
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σκοτόω G4656
Pronunciation skotóō
What does σκοτόω (skotóō) mean in the Bible?
σκοτόω (skotóō) is a Greek word meaning "to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)".
Full entry for σκοτόω (G4656) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G4656?
The BSB source-word alignment has 3 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include plunged into darkness (1), They are darkened (1), were darkened (1).
Where does σκοτόω (skotóō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Ephesians 4:18. Its strongest book concentrations include Revelation (2), Ephesians (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It plunged into darkness 1× Revelation 16:10
They are darkened 1× Ephesians 4:18
were darkened 1× Revelation 9:2
Show sample aligned rows
Ephesians 4:18 ἐσκοτωμένοι to They are darkened Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural Revelation 9:2 ἐσκοτώθη to were darkened Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular Revelation 16:10 ἐσκοτωμένη to plunged into darkness Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Feminine Singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Ephesians 4:18
Aligned rows 3
Books represented 2
Ephesians 1 Revelation 2
Source forms
ἐσκοτώθη 1x eskotōthē Revelation 9:2
ἐσκοτωμένη 1x eskotōmenē Revelation 16:10
ἐσκοτωμένοι 1x eskotōmenoi Ephesians 4:18
Parsing patterns
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular 1x Revelation 9:2
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Feminine Singular 1x Revelation 16:10
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural 1x Ephesians 4:18
Evidence Summary
Greek word. to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)
Source Gloss
to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
1 Greek text appearance shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
Revelation 16:10 Verb Perfect Passive Participle Nominative Singular Feminine
ἐσκοτωμένη· eskotwmenh
I darken
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 2 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist 1 perfect 1
Voice
passive 2
Mood
indicative 1 participle 1
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
σκοτόω is built from this root:
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain