What does σκοτόω (skotóō) mean in the Bible?
σκοτόω (skotóō) is a Greek word meaning "to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)".
Greek · G4656
σκοτόω
To obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)
Reading a lexicon entry
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σκοτόωG4656
Pronunciationskotóō
What does σκοτόω (skotóō) mean in the Bible?
σκοτόω (skotóō) is a Greek word meaning "to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)".
Full entry for σκοτόω (G4656) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G4656?
The BSB source-word alignment has 3 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include plunged into darkness (1), They are darkened (1), were darkened (1).
Where does σκοτόω (skotóō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Ephesians 4:18. Its strongest book concentrations include Revelation (2), Ephesians (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders Itplunged into darkness1×Revelation 16:10
They are darkened1×Ephesians 4:18
were darkened1×Revelation 9:2
Show sample aligned rows
Ephesians 4:18ἐσκοτωμένοιtoThey are darkenedVerb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine PluralRevelation 9:2ἐσκοτώθηtowere darkenedVerb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person SingularRevelation 16:10ἐσκοτωμένηtoplunged into darknessVerb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Feminine Singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned rowEphesians 4:18
Aligned rows3
Books represented2
Ephesians1Revelation2
Source forms
ἐσκοτώθη1xeskotōthēRevelation 9:2
ἐσκοτωμένη1xeskotōmenēRevelation 16:10
ἐσκοτωμένοι1xeskotōmenoiEphesians 4:18
Parsing patterns
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular1xRevelation 9:2
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Feminine Singular1xRevelation 16:10
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural1xEphesians 4:18
Evidence Summary
Greek word. to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)
Source Gloss
to obscure or blind (literally or figuratively)
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpusGreek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
1 Greek text appearance shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
Revelation 16:10Verb Perfect Passive Participle Nominative Singular Feminine
ἐσκοτωμένη·eskotwmenh
I darken
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 2 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist1perfect1
Voice
passive2
Mood
indicative1participle1
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
σκοτόω is built from this root: