What does στυγνάζω (stygnázō) mean in the Bible?
στυγνάζω (stygnázō): Visible darkening of appearance, expressing inner emotional distress through facial expression or weather.
Greek · G4768
στυγνάζω
Be gloomy
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στυγνάζωG4768
Pronunciationstygnázō
What does στυγνάζω (stygnázō) mean in the Bible?
στυγνάζω (stygnázō): Visible darkening of appearance, expressing inner emotional distress through facial expression or weather.
Full entry for στυγνάζω (G4768) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G4768?
The BSB source-word alignment has 2 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include [and] overcast (1), [the man] was saddened (1).
Where does στυγνάζω (stygnázō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Matthew 16:3. Its strongest book concentrations include Mark (1), Matthew (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It[and] overcast1×Matthew 16:3
[the man] was saddened1×Mark 10:22
Show sample aligned rows
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned rowMatthew 16:3
Aligned rows2
Books represented2
Matthew1Mark1
Source forms
στυγνάζων1xstygnazōnMatthew 16:3
στυγνάσας1xstygnasasMark 10:22
Parsing patterns
Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular1xMark 10:22
Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular1xMatthew 16:3
Evidence Summary
Greek word. Visible darkening of appearance, expressing inner emotional distress through facial expression or weather.
Strong'sG4768
Lexical occurrences2 versesGreek text appearances2 timesWord forms1 form2 referencesVerse guides0 guides
Source Gloss
be gloomy
Extended definitionSource: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Visible darkening of appearance, expressing inner emotional distress through facial expression or weather.
(στυγνός, sombre, gloomy, sullen, Isa.5:17, Wis.17:5, Dan LXX 2:12*), [in LXX: Eze.27:35 28:19 32:10 (שָׁמֵם)* ;] to have a sombre, gloomy appearance: of the human countenance (RV, his countenance fell), Mrk.10:22; of the sky (so στυγνότης, Polyb., iv, 21, 1), Mat.16:3 ([WH], R, mg., om.).
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpusGreek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
2 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
Matthew 16:3Verb Present Active Participle Nominative Singular Masculine
στυγνάζωνstugnazwn
I am gloomy
Read verseMark 10:22Verb Aorist Active Participle Nominative Singular Masculine
στυγνάσαςstugnasav
I am gloomy
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Grammatical Forms
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups1Aligned forms2TensesPresent, AoristVoicesActive
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Tenses
Voices
Participleverbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality2×
Present ActiveMatt 16:31×
Aorist ActiveMark 10:221×
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 2 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist1present1
Voice
active2
Mood
participle2
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
στυγνάζω is built from this root:
στυγνητόςG4767