What does אֱדֹם (ʾĕdōm) mean in the Bible?
אֱדֹם (ʾĕdōm) is a Hebrew word meaning "Edom , the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him".
Hebrew · H123
אֱדֹם
Edom , the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him
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אֱדֹם H123
Pronunciation ʾĕdōm
What does אֱדֹם (ʾĕdōm) mean in the Bible?
אֱדֹם (ʾĕdōm) is a Hebrew word meaning "Edom , the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him".
Full entry for אֱדֹם (H123) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H123?
The BSB source-word alignment has 100 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include of Edom (38), Edom (28), in Edom (6), Edomites (3), the Edomites (3).
Where does אֱדֹם (ʾĕdōm) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Genesis 25:30. Its strongest book concentrations include Genesis (13), 2 Kings (10), Numbers (9), Jeremiah (8).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It of Edom 38× Genesis 32:3, Genesis 36:16, Genesis 36:17, Genesis 36:21
Edom 28× Genesis 25:30, Genesis 36:8, Genesis 36:19, Numbers 24:18
in Edom 6× Genesis 36:32, 1 Kings 11:15, 1 Kings 11:16, 1 Kings 22:47
Edomites 3× 2 Kings 14:7, 1 Chronicles 18:12, Psalms 60:1
the Edomites 3× 1 Samuel 14:47, 2 Samuel 8:14, 1 Chronicles 18:13
But Edom 2× Numbers 20:18, Numbers 20:20
from Edom 2× 1 Chronicles 18:11, Isaiah 63:1
of Edom’s 2× Jeremiah 49:22, Amos 2:1
of the Edomites 2× Genesis 36:9, Genesis 36:43
on Edom 2× Isaiah 11:14, Ezekiel 25:14
to Edom 2× Amos 1:6, Amos 1:9
When the Edomites 2× 2 Kings 8:21, 2 Chronicles 21:9
- 1× 2 Samuel 8:14
about Edom 1× Obadiah 1:1
and Edom 1× Joel 3:19
Concerning Edom 1× Jeremiah 49:7
Edom) 1× Genesis 36:1
of Edom [were] 1× 1 Chronicles 1:51
So Edom 1× Numbers 20:21
with Edom 1× Ezekiel 25:14
Show sample aligned rows
Genesis 25:30 אֱדֽוֹם׃ to Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 32:3 אֱדֽוֹם׃ to of Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:1 אֱדֽוֹם׃ to Edom) Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:8 אֱדֽוֹם׃ to Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:9 אֱד֑וֹם to of the Edomites Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:16 אֱד֔וֹם to of Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:17 אֱד֔וֹם to of Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:19 אֱדֽוֹם׃ס to Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:21 אֱדֽוֹם׃ to of Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular Genesis 36:31 אֱד֑וֹם to of Edom Noun - proper - masculine singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Genesis 25:30
Aligned rows 100
Books represented 21
Genesis 13 Exodus 1 Numbers 9 Joshua 2 Judges 4 1 Samuel 1 2 Samuel 3 1 Kings 6 2 Kings 10 1 Chronicles 7 2 Chronicles 6 Psalms 7 Isaiah 4 Jeremiah 8 Lamentations 2 Ezekiel 7 Daniel 1 Joel 1 Amos 5 Obadiah 2 Malachi 1
Source forms
אֱד֔וֹם 19x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Genesis 36:16, Genesis 36:17, Exodus 15:15, Numbers 20:18
אֱדֽוֹם׃ 14x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Genesis 25:30, Genesis 32:3, Genesis 36:1, Genesis 36:8
אֱדוֹם֙ 7x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Numbers 20:20, Judges 11:18, 2 Samuel 8:14, 1 Chronicles 18:12
אֱד֖וֹם 7x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Numbers 20:23, Joshua 15:21, 2 Samuel 8:14, 2 Kings 3:26
אֱד֑וֹם 6x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Genesis 36:9, Genesis 36:31, Numbers 20:14, Numbers 21:4
אֱד֗וֹם 5x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Genesis 36:43, Numbers 20:21, 2 Kings 8:22, Psalms 137:7
אֱד֜וֹם 5x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Numbers 24:18, 2 Kings 8:21, 2 Chronicles 21:10, Jeremiah 27:3
אֱד֣וֹם 5x ’ĕ·ḏō·wm Psalms 60:1, Isaiah 34:5, Ezekiel 35:15, Ezekiel 36:5
Parsing patterns
Noun - proper - masculine singular 81x Genesis 25:30, Genesis 32:3, Genesis 36:1, Genesis 36:8
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular 9x Genesis 36:32, 2 Samuel 8:14, 1 Kings 11:14, 1 Kings 11:15
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular 4x Jeremiah 49:7, Amos 1:6, Amos 1:9, Obadiah 1:1
Preposition-m | Noun - proper - masculine singular 3x 1 Chronicles 18:11, Isaiah 63:1, Obadiah 1:8
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular 2x 1 Samuel 14:47, Jeremiah 40:11
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular 1x Joel 3:19
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. Edom , the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him
Source Gloss
Edom , the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him
Extended definition
Edom, Edomites, Idumea.
Selected Scripture Witnesses
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Biblical Witnesses
Edom as the personal name of Jacob's elder twin brother, founder of a nation
Edom's descendants and genealogical records establishing the Edomite people and their chiefs
Edom as a region and nation subject to divine judgment, representing enemies of God's people
Showing 3 selected witnesses from 100 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
אֱדֹם is built from this root:
Cross-Language Connections
Greek words that correspond to or develop the meaning of this Hebrew word in the New Testament.
G2401 LXX equivalent Greek
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain