What does גָּדַף (gādap) mean in the Bible?
גָּדַף (gādap): Verbal assault framed as aggressive hacking; weaponizing speech against God or covenant community through reproach
Hebrew · H1442
גָּדַף
To hack (with words), i.e. revile
Reading a lexicon entry
What this page is: Each lexicon entry shows the original Hebrew or Greek word behind the English translation: its meaning, its range of use, and where it appears in Scripture.
Strong's number: The Strong's code (H- or G-) is the standard reference number for this word. It connects this entry to chapter and passage language tabs.
Where it appears: The witness passages show where this word is used in context. Click any to open the study page for that passage.
This lexicon entry is part of our ongoing editorial review. If you notice missing content, unclear wording, or a possible correction, please send us a note through the Connect page. Screenshots are helpful.
גָּדַף H1442
Pronunciation gādap
What does גָּדַף (gādap) mean in the Bible?
גָּדַף (gādap): Verbal assault framed as aggressive hacking; weaponizing speech against God or covenant community through reproach
Full entry for גָּדַף (H1442) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H1442?
The BSB source-word alignment has 7 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include and blasphemed (2), and reviler (1), blasphemed (1), blasphemes (1), have blasphemed (1).
Where does גָּדַף (gādap) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Numbers 15:30. Its strongest book concentrations include 2 Kings (2), Isaiah (2), Ezekiel (1), Numbers (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It and blasphemed 2× 2 Kings 19:22, Isaiah 37:23
and reviler 1× Psalms 44:16
blasphemed 1× Ezekiel 20:27
blasphemes 1× Numbers 15:30
have blasphemed 1× 2 Kings 19:6
have blasphemed Me 1× Isaiah 37:6
Show sample aligned rows
Numbers 15:30 מְגַדֵּ֑ף to blasphemes Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular 2 Kings 19:6 גִּדְּפ֛וּ to have blasphemed Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural 2 Kings 19:22 וְגִדַּ֔פְתָּ to and blasphemed Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular Psalms 44:16 וּמְגַדֵּ֑ף to and reviler Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular Isaiah 37:6 גִּדְּפ֛וּ to have blasphemed Me Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural Isaiah 37:23 וְגִדַּ֔פְתָּ to and blasphemed Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular Ezekiel 20:27 גִּדְּפ֤וּ to blasphemed Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Numbers 15:30
Aligned rows 7
Books represented 5
Numbers 1 2 Kings 2 Psalms 1 Isaiah 2 Ezekiel 1
Source forms
גִּדְּפ֛וּ 2x gid·də·p̄ū 2 Kings 19:6, Isaiah 37:6
וְגִדַּ֔פְתָּ 2x wə·ḡid·dap̄·tā 2 Kings 19:22, Isaiah 37:23
גִּדְּפ֤וּ 1x gid·də·p̄ū Ezekiel 20:27
וּמְגַדֵּ֑ף 1x ū·mə·ḡad·dêp̄ Psalms 44:16
מְגַדֵּ֑ף 1x mə·ḡad·dêp̄ Numbers 15:30
Parsing patterns
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural 3x 2 Kings 19:6, Isaiah 37:6, Ezekiel 20:27
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular 2x 2 Kings 19:22, Isaiah 37:23
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular 1x Psalms 44:16
Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular 1x Numbers 15:30
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. Verbal assault framed as aggressive hacking; weaponizing speech against God or covenant community through reproach
Source Gloss
to hack (with words), i.e. revile
Extended definition Source: Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon + Brown-Driver-Briggs
Verbal assault framed as aggressive hacking; weaponizing speech against God or covenant community through reproach
to hack (with words), i.e. revile BDB: revile Usage: blaspheme, reproach.
Grammatical Forms
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 1 Aligned forms 4
Piel intensive active — emphasizes thoroughness or repeated action 4×
Perfect 2Kgs 19:6 · Ezek 20:27 · Isa 37:6 3×
Participle active Num 15:30 1×
Word Origins
גָּדַף is a primitive root - no further derivation.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain