וַיַּזְעֵ֗ק (way·yaz·‘êq) in Jonah 3:7: Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
וַיַּזְעֵ֗ק (way·yaz·‘êq) in Jonah 3:7
Source Word
At Jonah 3:7, the Jonah 3:7 source token וַיַּזְעֵ֗ק is H2199, Conj-w | V-Hifil-ConsecImperf-3ms. The H2199 Jonah 3:7 BSB+ word table row therefore anchors this guide.
How The Form Affects Interpretation
Issued a proclamation makes the causative public-speech force clearer than a bare English verb such as cried. Nineveh's ruler turns his alarm into an official summons for fasting, earnest prayer, and a decisive departure from violence.
How To Communicate It
Show how the Hifil form bridges the king's response and the words circulated through Nineveh without confusing proclamation with the repentance it requests.
What Not To Say
- Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
- Do not infer a particular administrative mechanism from Hifil, and do not claim that issuing the decree guaranteed every inhabitant's inward repentance.
- The verb can describe calling out or causing an announcement; the following decree favors an official proclamation here.
- Read Then he issued a proclamation within Jonah 3:7 as the H2199 occurrence; broader theology requires the passage.
What Does The Label Mean?
Hebrew-verb
Verb
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Hifil
ConsecImperf
Third
Masculine
Singular
Not applicable
Waw conjunction
None
The consecutive imperfect moves from the king's personal abasement to his citywide directive as the next event.
Hifil gives the speaking action a causative or proclamation force, and the third masculine singular ending follows the king as narrative subject.
What The Form Does In This Verse
The king of Nineveh as the singular agent who causes an announcement to sound through the city
The royal response after the king leaves his throne, puts on sackcloth, and sits in ashes
The waw-linked Hifil consecutive imperfect presents the king's next action as causing a public proclamation to be made in Nineveh.
The causative stem does not establish how heralds transmitted the decree, and singular agreement does not erase the nobles named as co-authorities in the announcement.
How Much The Form Matters Here
Moderate: Nineveh's ruler turns his alarm into an official summons for fasting, earnest prayer, and a decisive departure from violence.
Hifil gives the speaking action a causative or proclamation force, and the third masculine singular ending follows the king as narrative subject.. The waw-linked Hifil consecutive imperfect presents the king's next action as causing a public proclamation to be made in Nineveh.. Attached to the king of Nineveh as the singular agent who causes an announcement to sound through the city. Governed by the royal response after the king leaves his throne, puts on sackcloth, and sits in ashes. The causative stem does not establish how heralds transmitted the decree, and singular agreement does not erase the nobles named as co-authorities in the announcement.
What does the Hifil verb contribute to the king's action in Jonah 3:7? It portrays him as causing a proclamation to go out, moving his response from private posture to public directive.
Direct: Issued a proclamation makes the causative public-speech force clearer than a bare English verb such as cried.
The verb can describe calling out or causing an announcement; the following decree favors an official proclamation here. The king is the grammatical subject, while the phrase by the decree of the king and his nobles gives the announcement's stated authority.
Hifil specifies heralds: Causative morphology presents the king as initiating the proclamation but does not identify every messenger or channel. royal decree produces repentance: The decree calls for changed conduct; the narrative separately reports what the Ninevites do and what God sees. morphology replaces literary context: The H2199 form clarifies the Then he issued a proclamation relation in Jonah 3:7; the surrounding passage establishes its scope.
How The Interpretation Is Derived
At Jonah 3:7, the Jonah 3:7 source token וַיַּזְעֵ֗ק is H2199, Conj-w | V-Hifil-ConsecImperf-3ms. The H2199 Jonah 3:7 BSB+ word table row therefore anchors this guide.
זָעַק is the lemma behind Then he issued a proclamation here. Within Jonah 3:7, H2199 retains this exact lexical identity.
Hifil gives the speaking action a causative or proclamation force, and the third masculine singular ending follows the king as narrative subject.
Nineveh's ruler turns his alarm into an official summons for fasting, earnest prayer, and a decisive departure from violence.
Jonah 3 joins public humility with concrete moral turning while leaving mercy in God's sovereign hands rather than in the decree's power.
Show how the Hifil form bridges the king's response and the words circulated through Nineveh without confusing proclamation with the repentance it requests.
Do not infer a particular administrative mechanism from Hifil, and do not claim that issuing the decree guaranteed every inhabitant's inward repentance.