Hebrew Form Guide

מֵחַיָּֽי׃ס (mê·ḥay·yāy) in Jonah 4:3: Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular

מֵחַיָּֽי׃ס (mê·ḥay·yāy) in Jonah 4:3

Source Word

מֵחַיָּֽי׃סmê·ḥay·yāyPreposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular

At Jonah 4:3, the source token מֵחַיָּֽי׃ס is H2416, Prep-m | N-mpc | 1cs. The BSB+ word table row therefore anchors this guide.

How The Form Affects Interpretation

Than to live expresses min as a comparative marker and unfolds the first-person life suffix idiomatically. Jonah values death over life because God spared Nineveh, revealing how deeply his anger resists the mercy he knows belongs to the Lord.

How To Communicate It

Name the comparative grammar while reading Jonah's death wish as anguished, morally disordered speech that God confronts.

What Not To Say

  • Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
  • Do not quote than to live as approval of suicide or use Jonah's prayer to shame people who disclose suicidal thoughts.
  • The plural-shaped life noun can function as an abstract for life, and the suffix marks Jonah's personal existence.
  • Read than to live within Jonah 4:3 as this H2416 occurrence; broader theology requires the passage.

What Does The Label Mean?

Profile

Hebrew-nominal

Part of Speech

Noun

Form Label

Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular

Stem

Not applicable

Aspect

Not applicable

Person

Not applicable

Gender

Masculine

Number

Plural

State

Construct

Attached Prefixes

Preposition m

Suffix

1Cs

Aspect Note

This possessed noun names the state against which death is compared; it does not express a verbal command or intention.

Verse Role

The preposition min marks comparison, and the first common singular suffix makes the life specifically Jonah's.

What The Form Does In This Verse

Attached To

Jonah's own life in the comparison between dying and living

Governed By

His angry request that the Lord take his life after Nineveh receives mercy

Role In The Phrase

The min-prefixed construct noun with first singular suffix supplies the second side of Jonah's comparison: better to die than for me to live.

What It Is Not Doing

The grammar does not approve Jonah's wish to die or present self-destruction as a faithful response to disappointment.

How Much The Form Matters Here

Interpretive Weight

High: Jonah values death over life because God spared Nineveh, revealing how deeply his anger resists the mercy he knows belongs to the Lord.

Syntax Profile

The preposition min marks comparison, and the first common singular suffix makes the life specifically Jonah's.. The min-prefixed construct noun with first singular suffix supplies the second side of Jonah's comparison: better to die than for me to live.. Attached to Jonah's own life in the comparison between dying and living. Governed by his angry request that the Lord take his life after Nineveh receives mercy. The grammar does not approve Jonah's wish to die or present self-destruction as a faithful response to disappointment.

Reader Question

Does Jonah's phrase than to live commend death as the better choice? No. It reports his despairing comparison in anger, which the Lord immediately answers with a corrective question.

Translation Effect

Direct: Than to live expresses min as a comparative marker and unfolds the first-person life suffix idiomatically.

Where Caution Is Needed

The plural-shaped life noun can function as an abstract for life, and the suffix marks Jonah's personal existence. The statement reveals real despair mixed with anger; grammar alone cannot diagnose Jonah's emotional condition beyond the narrative.

Fallacies To Avoid

Reported death wish is ethical permission: The Lord questions Jonah rather than commending his preference for death. pastoral disclosure should be moralized away: This text invites careful concern and truth, not dismissal or shame toward a person in danger.

How The Interpretation Is Derived

Textual Witness

At Jonah 4:3, the source token מֵחַיָּֽי׃ס is H2416, Prep-m | N-mpc | 1cs. The BSB+ word table row therefore anchors this guide.

Lexical Identity

חַי is the lemma behind than to live here. Within Jonah 4:3, H2416 retains this exact lexical identity.

Grammar In Context

The preposition min marks comparison, and the first common singular suffix makes the life specifically Jonah's.

Passage Meaning

Jonah values death over life because God spared Nineveh, revealing how deeply his anger resists the mercy he knows belongs to the Lord.

Canonical Fit

God responds to the prophet's despair with a searching question, not endorsement, and continues patiently exposing his disordered loves.

Communication Use

Name the comparative grammar while reading Jonah's death wish as anguished, morally disordered speech that God confronts.

Do Not Derive

Do not quote than to live as approval of suicide or use Jonah's prayer to shame people who disclose suicidal thoughts.