Wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
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H3196 names wine as a fermented grape drink and appears in settings of provision, trade, feasting, offerings, medicine-like refreshment, impaired judgment, intoxication, violence, and deprivation. Its contexts can present wine as an ordinary good, a covenant celebration, an offering, a marker of abundance, an image of judgment, or a means of drunkenness and exploitation, so the noun itself does not settle the moral.
Reader summary
Full entry for יַיִן (H3196) · Open the biblical lexicon
H3196 names wine as a fermented grape drink and appears in settings of provision, trade, feasting, offerings, medicine-like refreshment, impaired judgment, intoxication, violence, and deprivation. Its contexts can present wine as an ordinary good, a covenant celebration, an offering, a marker of abundance, an image of judgment, or a means of drunkenness and.
The BSB source-word alignment has 141 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include wine (39), of wine (18), with wine (13), and wine (10), the wine (8).
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Genesis 9:21. Its strongest book concentrations include Jeremiah (15), Isaiah (14), Genesis (10), Proverbs (10).
H3196 names wine as a fermented grape drink and appears in settings of provision, trade, feasting, offerings, medicine-like refreshment, impaired judgment, intoxication, violence, and deprivation. Its contexts can present wine as an ordinary good, a covenant celebration, an offering, a marker of abundance, an image of judgment, or a means of drunkenness and exploitation, so the noun itself does not settle the moral question.
In Exod. 29. 40, the daily offering includes a measured drink offering of wine alongside the lamb, flour, and oil. In Gen. 9. 21, noah drinks wine, becomes drunk, and lies uncovered in his tent, beginning a scene of exposure and family wrongdoing. H3196 opens teaching on receiving material gifts with gratitude and limits, while taking seriously Scriptures repeated warnings about intoxication, distorted judgment, violence, dependency, and harm to neighbors.
It corrects both the claim that every biblical mention of wine condemns its use and the claim that biblical celebration makes intoxication, pressure to drink, or disregard for addiction morally harmless. H3196 appears without one fixed moral evaluation: wine is included in Israels offerings, Noah becomes drunk and exposed after drinking it, and Isaiah condemns people consumed from morning to night by pursuit of drink.
Scripture can receive wine as provision while sharply warning about intoxication, lost judgment, exploitation, and destructive desire. Faithful teaching attends to the scene, the drinkers condition, vulnerable neighbors, and the fruit of the practice. For H3196, responsible teaching keeps lexical meaning, passage context, canonical synthesis, and present application distinguishable.
H3196 does not command every believer to drink, promise that moderate use is safe for every person, excuse drunkenness or coercion, make abstinence spiritually superior, or reduce addiction to a lack of willpower.
H3196 appears across passages that develop creation gifts, worship offerings, shared joy, sober judgment, intoxication, addiction, exploitation, lament, abstinence, and neighbor love. For H3196, the immediate setting decides which part of the range is active, so the witnesses must remain distinct rather than being merged into one formula.
With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah of fine flour, mixed with a quarter hin of oil from pressed olives, and a drink offering of a quarter hin of wine.
The daily offering includes a measured drink offering of wine alongside the lamb, flour, and oil.
But when he drank some of its wine, he became drunk and uncovered himself inside his tent.
Noah drinks wine, becomes drunk, and lies uncovered in his tent, beginning a scene of exposure and family wrongdoing.
Woe to those who rise early in the morning in pursuit of strong drink, who linger into the evening, to be inflamed by wine.
Isaiah pronounces woe on those who pursue strong drink from morning and remain late into the evening inflamed by wine.
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders ItA compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
Hebrew word. Wine as fermented beverage carrying inherent risk of intoxication; used to signify both celebration and moral peril
Wine as fermented beverage carrying inherent risk of intoxication; used to signify both celebration and moral peril
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication BDB: wine Usage: banqueting, wine, wine(-bibber).
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Showing 5 selected witnesses from 141 lexical occurrence verses.
Greek words that correspond to or develop the meaning of this Hebrew word in the New Testament.
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
H3196 appears without one fixed moral evaluation: wine is included in Israels offerings, Noah becomes drunk and exposed after drinking it, and Isaiah condemns people consumed from morning to night by pursuit of drink. Scripture can receive wine as provision while sharply warning about intoxication, lost judgment, exploitation, and destructive desire. Faithful teaching attends to the scene, the drinkers condition, vulnerable neighbors, and the fruit of the practice.
H3196 names wine as a fermented grape drink and appears in settings of provision, trade, feasting, offerings, medicine-like refreshment, impaired judgment, intoxication, violence, and deprivation. The selected witnesses keep the teaching concrete: Exod. 29. 40 shows that the daily offering includes a measured drink offering of wine alongside the lamb, flour, and oil, while Gen.
9. 21 Shows that noah drinks wine, becomes drunk, and lies uncovered in his tent, beginning a scene of exposure and family wrongdoing. Isa. 5. 11 adds that isaiah pronounces woe on those who pursue strong drink from morning and remain late into the evening inflamed by wine. H3196 opens teaching on receiving material gifts with gratitude and limits, while taking seriously Scriptures repeated warnings about intoxication, distorted judgment, violence, dependency, and harm to neighbors.
It corrects both the claim that every biblical mention of wine condemns its use and the claim that biblical celebration makes intoxication, pressure to drink, or disregard for addiction morally harmless. A church teaching H3196 faithfully will name both the promise and the boundary carried by these contexts, attend to vulnerable hearers, and refuse to make the lexical item prove more than its passages support.
H3196 does not command every believer to drink, promise that moderate use is safe for every person, excuse drunkenness or coercion, make abstinence spiritually superior, or reduce addiction to a lack of willpower.
Exod.29.40
H3196 is a Hebrew noun for wine, ordinarily fermented grape drink and sometimes associated by implication with intoxication; surrounding verbs and settings show whether a passage describes use, offering, trade, abundance, deprivation, or abuse.
Wine appears in Israels worship, meals, wisdom, prophetic warnings, and images of blessing and judgment. The New Testament continues both gift and warning themes, commands sobriety and neighbor love, and centers the cup at Jesus table without turning it into permission to endanger people vulnerable to alcohol.