What does מְהוּמָה (mĕhûmāh) mean in the Bible?
מְהוּמָה (mĕhûmāh): Chaos and disorientation wrought by divine judgment or military defeat; disorder that unmakes order
Hebrew · H4103
מְהוּמָה
Confusion or uproar
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מְהוּמָה H4103
Pronunciation mĕhûmāh
What does מְהוּמָה (mĕhûmāh) mean in the Bible?
מְהוּמָה (mĕhûmāh): Chaos and disorientation wrought by divine judgment or military defeat; disorder that unmakes order
Full entry for מְהוּמָה (H4103) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H4103?
The BSB source-word alignment has 12 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include confusion (4), conflicts (1), of tumult (1), of turmoil (1), panic (1).
Where does מְהוּמָה (mĕhûmāh) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Deuteronomy 7:23. Its strongest book concentrations include 1 Samuel (3), Deuteronomy (2), Ezekiel (2), 2 Chronicles (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It confusion 4× Deuteronomy 7:23, Deuteronomy 28:20, 1 Samuel 5:11, 1 Samuel 14:20
conflicts 1× 2 Chronicles 15:5
of tumult 1× Isaiah 22:5
of turmoil 1× Ezekiel 22:5
panic 1× Zechariah 14:13
there is panic 1× Ezekiel 7:7
throwing it into great confusion 1× 1 Samuel 5:9
unrest 1× Amos 3:9
with turmoil 1× Proverbs 15:16
Show sample aligned rows
Deuteronomy 7:23 מְהוּמָ֣ה to confusion Noun - feminine singular Deuteronomy 28:20 הַמְּהוּמָה֙ to confusion Article | Noun - feminine singular 1 Samuel 5:9 מְהוּמָה֙ to throwing it into great confusion Noun - feminine singular 1 Samuel 5:11 מְהֽוּמַת־ to confusion Noun - feminine singular construct 1 Samuel 14:20 מְהוּמָ֖ה to confusion Noun - feminine singular 2 Chronicles 15:5 מְהוּמֹ֣ת to conflicts Noun - feminine plural Proverbs 15:16 וּמְה֥וּמָה to with turmoil Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular Isaiah 22:5 מְהוּמָ֨ה to of tumult Noun - feminine singular Ezekiel 7:7 מְהוּמָ֖ה to there is panic Noun - feminine singular Ezekiel 22:5 הַמְּהוּמָֽה׃ to of turmoil Article | Noun - feminine singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Deuteronomy 7:23
Aligned rows 12
Books represented 8
Deuteronomy 2 1 Samuel 3 2 Chronicles 1 Proverbs 1 Isaiah 1 Ezekiel 2 Amos 1 Zechariah 1
Source forms
מְהוּמָ֖ה 2x mə·hū·māh 1 Samuel 14:20, Ezekiel 7:7
מְהֽוּמַת־ 2x mə·hū·maṯ- 1 Samuel 5:11, Zechariah 14:13
הַמְּהוּמָה֙ 1x ham·mə·hū·māh Deuteronomy 28:20
הַמְּהוּמָֽה׃ 1x ham·mə·hū·māh Ezekiel 22:5
וּמְה֥וּמָה 1x ū·mə·hū·māh Proverbs 15:16
מְהוּמָ֣ה 1x mə·hū·māh Deuteronomy 7:23
מְהוּמָה֙ 1x mə·hū·māh 1 Samuel 5:9
מְהוּמָ֨ה 1x mə·hū·māh Isaiah 22:5
Parsing patterns
Noun - feminine singular 5x Deuteronomy 7:23, 1 Samuel 5:9, 1 Samuel 14:20, Isaiah 22:5
Article | Noun - feminine singular 2x Deuteronomy 28:20, Ezekiel 22:5
Noun - feminine plural 2x 2 Chronicles 15:5, Amos 3:9
Noun - feminine singular construct 2x 1 Samuel 5:11, Zechariah 14:13
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular 1x Proverbs 15:16
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. Chaos and disorientation wrought by divine judgment or military defeat; disorder that unmakes order
Source Gloss
confusion or uproar
Extended definition Source: Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon + Brown-Driver-Briggs
Chaos and disorientation wrought by divine judgment or military defeat; disorder that unmakes order
confusion or uproar BDB: tumult Usage: destruction, discomfiture, trouble, tumult, vexation, vexed.
Grammatical Forms
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Biblical Witnesses
Contrast between modest peace and wealth accompanied by turmoil or disturbance
Showing 1 selected witness from 12 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
מְהוּמָה is built from this root:
הוּם H1949
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain