Hebrew · H5358

נָקַם

To grudge , i.e. avenge or punish

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נָקַםH5358

Pronunciationnāqam

What does נָקַם (nāqam) mean in the Bible?

נָקַם (nāqam): Vengeance rooted in grievance; God's retaliatory justice against covenant-breakers and enemies of Israel.

Full entry for נָקַם (H5358) · Open the biblical lexicon

Questions this entry answers

What does נָקַם (nāqam) mean in the Bible?

נָקַם (nāqam): Vengeance rooted in grievance; God's retaliatory justice against covenant-breakers and enemies of Israel.

How does the BSB render H5358?

The BSB source-word alignment has 35 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include avenge (3), and take vengeance (2), Take vengeance (2), . . . (1), [then Cain] will be avenged (1).

Where does נָקַם (nāqam) appear in Scripture?

The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Genesis 4:15. Its strongest book concentrations include Jeremiah (7), Ezekiel (4), 1 Samuel (3), Exodus (3).

Source Word Evidence

BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.

How English Renders It

avenge3×Jeremiah 5:9, Jeremiah 5:29, Jeremiah 9:9

and take vengeance2×Jeremiah 51:36, Ezekiel 24:8

Take vengeance2×Numbers 31:2, 1 Samuel 24:12

. . .1×Exodus 21:20

[then Cain] will be avenged1×Genesis 4:15

against1×Jeremiah 46:10

and avenge Myself1×Isaiah 1:24

and avenger1×Psalms 8:2

and avenging1×Nahum 1:2

and in [so doing]1×Ezekiel 25:12

as revenge1×1 Samuel 18:25

Avenge me1×Jeremiah 15:15

be punished1×Exodus 21:21

before I have taken vengeance1×1 Samuel 14:24

bent on revenge1×Psalms 44:16

he shall surely be punished1×Exodus 21:20

He will avenge1×Deuteronomy 32:43

I have taken vengeance1×Judges 15:7

I may pay back1×Judges 16:28

is avenged1×Genesis 4:24

is avenging1×Nahum 1:2

seek revenge1×Leviticus 19:18

so that I may avenge1×2 Kings 9:7

take out your vengeance1×Jeremiah 50:15

takes vengeance1×Nahum 1:2

taking1×Ezekiel 25:15

to avenge themselves1×Esther 8:13

to execute1×Leviticus 26:25

took vengeance1×Joshua 10:13

vengefully1×Ezekiel 25:12

yet an avenger1×Psalms 99:8

Show sample aligned rows

Genesis 4:15יֻקָּ֑םto[then Cain] will be avengedVerb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular Genesis 4:24יֻקַּם־tois avengedVerb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular Exodus 21:20נָקֹ֖םtohe shall surely be punishedVerb - Qal - Infinitive absolute Exodus 21:20יִנָּקֵֽם׃to. . .Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular Exodus 21:21יֻקַּ֔םtobe punishedVerb - QalPass - Imperfect - third person masculine singular Leviticus 19:18תִקֹּ֤םtoseek revengeVerb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular Leviticus 26:25נֹקֶ֙מֶת֙toto executeVerb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular Numbers 31:2נְקֹ֗םtoTake vengeanceVerb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular Deuteronomy 32:43יִקּ֑וֹםtoHe will avengeVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular Joshua 10:13יִקֹּ֥םtotook vengeanceVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular

Usage map

A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.

First aligned rowGenesis 4:15

Aligned rows35

Books represented15

Genesis2Exodus3Leviticus2Numbers1Deuteronomy1Joshua1Judges21 Samuel32 Kings1Esther1Psalms3Isaiah1Jeremiah7Ezekiel4Nahum3

Source forms

תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם3xṯiṯ·naq·qêmJeremiah 5:9, Jeremiah 5:29, Jeremiah 9:9

וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃2xū·miṯ·naq·qêmPsalms 8:2, Psalms 44:16

לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם2xlə·hin·nā·qêm1 Samuel 18:25, Esther 8:13

בִּנְקֹ֥ם1xbin·qōmEzekiel 25:12

הִנָּ֣קְמוּ1xhin·nā·qə·mūJeremiah 50:15

וְאִנָּקְמָ֧ה1xwə·’in·nā·qə·māhJudges 16:28

וְאִנָּקְמָ֖ה1xwə·’in·nā·qə·māhIsaiah 1:24

וְהִנָּ֤קֶם1xwə·hin·nā·qemJeremiah 15:15

Parsing patterns

Preposition-l | Verb - Nifal - Infinitive construct3x1 Samuel 18:25, Esther 8:13, Jeremiah 46:10

Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person feminine singular3xJeremiah 5:9, Jeremiah 5:29, Jeremiah 9:9

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine singular2xPsalms 8:2, Psalms 44:16

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular2xJudges 16:28, Isaiah 1:24

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular2x2 Kings 9:7, Jeremiah 51:36

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular2xPsalms 99:8, Nahum 1:2

Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular2xGenesis 4:15, Genesis 4:24

Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular2xDeuteronomy 32:43, Joshua 10:13

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain

Full license details

נָקַם

What does נָקַם (nāqam) mean in the Bible?

What does נָקַם (nāqam) mean in the Bible?

How does the BSB render H5358?

Where does נָקַם (nāqam) appear in Scripture?

Evidence Summary

Source Gloss