What does סָגַר (sāgar) mean in the Bible?
סָגַר (sāgar): Physical enclosure extends to covenantal surrender: God "shuts up" enemies into defeat or delivers them into judgment.
Hebrew · H5462
סָגַר
To shut up; figuratively, to surrender
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סָגַר H5462
Pronunciation sāgar
What does סָגַר (sāgar) mean in the Bible?
סָגַר (sāgar): Physical enclosure extends to covenantal surrender: God "shuts up" enemies into defeat or delivers them into judgment.
Full entry for סָגַר (H5462) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H5462?
The BSB source-word alignment has 91 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include shut (7), be shut (4), of pure (3), shall isolate (3), and shut (2).
Where does סָגַר (sāgar) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Genesis 2:21. Its strongest book concentrations include 1 Samuel (11), Leviticus (11), Ezekiel (7), Isaiah (7).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It shut 7× 2 Kings 4:4, 2 Kings 6:32, 2 Chronicles 28:24, 2 Chronicles 29:7
be shut 4× Nehemiah 13:19, Isaiah 45:1, Isaiah 60:11, Ezekiel 46:2
of pure 3× 1 Kings 7:49, 2 Chronicles 4:20, 2 Chronicles 4:22
shall isolate 3× Leviticus 13:4, Leviticus 13:31, Leviticus 13:33
and shut 2× Genesis 19:10, Isaiah 26:20
delivered me 2× 1 Samuel 24:18, Psalms 31:8
had closed 2× 1 Samuel 1:5, 1 Samuel 1:6
shall isolate him 2× Leviticus 13:21, Leviticus 13:26
surrender 2× Joshua 20:5, 1 Samuel 23:12
was shut 2× Joshua 2:7, Ezekiel 44:1
were pure 2× 1 Kings 10:21, 2 Chronicles 9:20
with pure 2× 1 Kings 6:20, 1 Kings 6:21
. . . 1× Joshua 6:1
about to close 1× Joshua 2:5
and after she had shut 1× 2 Kings 4:5
and close 1× Leviticus 14:38
and closed up 1× Genesis 2:21
and isolate 1× Leviticus 13:50
and isolated 1× Leviticus 13:54
and javelin 1× Psalms 35:3
and repaired 1× 1 Kings 11:27
and what he shuts 1× Isaiah 22:22
are shut 1× Ecclesiastes 12:4
but delivered 1× Psalms 78:50
closed 1× 2 Kings 4:33
closed in 1× Judges 3:22
closing 1× Judges 3:23
deliver me 1× 1 Samuel 30:15
deliver up 1× Obadiah 1:14
delivering [them] up 1× Amos 1:6
for delivering him 1× 1 Samuel 23:20
had given them up 1× Deuteronomy 32:30
has boxed them 1× Exodus 14:3
has delivered 1× 1 Samuel 26:8
has delivered me 1× Job 16:11
have been shut tight 1× Jeremiah 13:19
He abandoned 1× Psalms 78:48
He has delivered 1× Lamentations 2:7
He has delivered up 1× 2 Samuel 18:28
he has trapped himself 1× 1 Samuel 23:7
He imprisons 1× Job 12:14
He surrendered 1× Psalms 78:62
is closed 1× Isaiah 24:10
isolate him 1× Leviticus 13:11
kept shut 1× Ezekiel 46:1
Let her be confined 1× Numbers 12:14
Let us shut 1× Nehemiah 6:10
must be closed 1× Ezekiel 46:12
must isolate him 1× Leviticus 13:5
one can shut 1× Isaiah 22:22
return 1× Deuteronomy 23:15
shut him in 1× Genesis 7:16
shut yourself 1× Ezekiel 3:24
shutting 1× Genesis 19:6
so I will deliver up 1× Amos 6:8
surrender me 1× 1 Samuel 23:11
that it is closed up 1× Leviticus 14:46
the pure 1× 1 Kings 7:50
Then she shut [the door] 1× 2 Kings 4:21
they delivered up 1× Amos 1:9
They have closed 1× Psalms 17:10
They locked themselves in 1× Judges 9:51
They will 1× 1 Samuel 23:12
They will be confined 1× Isaiah 24:22
tightly 1× Job 41:15
to imprison you 1× Job 11:10
was confined 1× Numbers 12:15
was tightly shut up 1× Joshua 6:1
will deliver you 1× 1 Samuel 17:46
would shut 1× Malachi 1:10
Show sample aligned rows
Genesis 2:21 וַיִּסְגֹּ֥ר to and closed up Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Genesis 7:16 וַיִּסְגֹּ֥ר to shut him in Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Genesis 19:6 סָגַ֥ר to shutting Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Genesis 19:10 סָגָֽרוּ׃ to and shut Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural Exodus 14:3 סָגַ֥ר to has boxed them Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Leviticus 13:4 וְהִסְגִּ֧יר to shall isolate Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular Leviticus 13:5 וְהִסְגִּיר֧וֹ to must isolate him Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular Leviticus 13:11 יַסְגִּרֶ֔נּוּ to isolate him Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular Leviticus 13:21 וְהִסְגִּיר֥וֹ to shall isolate him Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular Leviticus 13:26 וְהִסְגִּיר֥וֹ to shall isolate him Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Genesis 2:21
Aligned rows 91
Books represented 23
Genesis 4 Exodus 1 Leviticus 11 Numbers 2 Deuteronomy 2 Joshua 5 Judges 3 1 Samuel 11 2 Samuel 1 1 Kings 6 2 Kings 5 2 Chronicles 5 Nehemiah 2 Job 5 Psalms 6 Ecclesiastes 1 Isaiah 7 Jeremiah 1 Lamentations 1 Ezekiel 7 Amos 3 Obadiah 1 Malachi 1
Source forms
סָג֑וּר 7x sā·ḡūr 1 Kings 6:20, 1 Kings 6:21, 1 Kings 7:49, 1 Kings 7:50
סָגַ֥ר 4x sā·ḡar Genesis 19:6, Exodus 14:3, 1 Samuel 1:5, 1 Samuel 1:6
וְהִסְגִּיר֥וֹ 3x wə·his·gî·rōw Leviticus 13:21, Leviticus 13:26, Leviticus 13:54
וַיִּסְגֹּ֥ר 3x way·yis·gōr Genesis 2:21, Genesis 7:16, 2 Kings 4:33
סָגֽוּר׃ 3x sā·ḡūr 2 Chronicles 4:20, Ezekiel 44:1, Ezekiel 44:2
וְהִסְגִּ֧יר 2x wə·his·gîr Leviticus 13:4, Leviticus 13:31
וְהִסְגִּ֥יר 2x wə·his·gîr Leviticus 13:50, Leviticus 14:38
וַיַּסְגֵּ֣ר 2x way·yas·gêr Psalms 78:48, Psalms 78:62
Parsing patterns
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular 13x 1 Kings 6:20, 1 Kings 6:21, 1 Kings 7:49, 1 Kings 7:50
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular 6x Genesis 2:21, Genesis 7:16, Judges 3:22, Judges 3:23
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular 6x Genesis 19:6, Exodus 14:3, 1 Samuel 1:5, 1 Samuel 1:6
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular 5x Leviticus 13:4, Leviticus 13:31, Leviticus 13:33, Leviticus 13:50
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular 4x Leviticus 13:5, Leviticus 13:21, Leviticus 13:26, Leviticus 13:54
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural 4x Genesis 19:10, Joshua 2:7, 2 Chronicles 29:7, Psalms 17:10
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural 3x Joshua 20:5, 1 Samuel 23:12
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular 3x Leviticus 14:46, Psalms 78:50, Lamentations 2:7
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. Physical enclosure extends to covenantal surrender: God "shuts up" enemies into defeat or delivers them into judgment.
Strong's H5462
Lexical occurrences 91 verses Word forms 5 forms 44 references Verse guides 0 guides
Study link Genesis 7:11-16 Source Gloss
to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
Extended definition Source: Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon + Brown-Driver-Briggs
Physical enclosure extends to covenantal surrender: God "shuts up" enemies into defeat or delivers them into judgment.
to shut up; figuratively, to surrender BDB: shut Usage: close up, deliver (up), give over (up), inclose, × pure, repair, shut (in, self, out, up, up together), stop, × straitly.
Grammatical Forms
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 5 Aligned forms 44
Qal basic active stem — the word in its most common, direct sense 19×
Perfect 1Kgs 11:27 · 1Sam 1:5 · 1Sam 1:6 · Exod 14:3 · Gen 19:6 · Job 3:10 · 2Chr 29:7 · Gen 19:10 · Josh 2:7 · Ps 17:10 10×
Participle passive Ezek 44:1 · Ezek 44:2 · Ezek 46:1 · Job 41:7 5×
Participle active Isa 22:22 · Josh 6:1 2×
Sequential imperfect 2Kgs 6:32 1×
Imperfect Job 12:14 1×
Hiphil causative active — the subject causes someone else to perform the action 7×
Perfect Lam 2:7 · Lev 14:46 · Ps 78:50 3×
Imperfect 1Sam 23:12 · Josh 20:5 · Deut 23:16 3×
Jussive Obad 1:14 1×
Piel intensive active — emphasizes thoroughness or repeated action 2×
Perfect 1Sam 26:8 · 2Sam 18:28 2×
Niphal passive or reflexive — the subject receives or experiences the action 6×
Imperfect Isa 45:1 · Isa 60:11 · Ezek 46:2 · Num 12:14 4×
Perfect 1Sam 23:7 1×
Sequential imperfect Ezek 3:24 1×
Pual intensive passive — intensive action received by the subject 2×
Perfect Isa 24:10 · Jer 13:19 2×
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Biblical Witnesses
God physically closes or seals the door of the ark during the flood
Showing 1 selected witness from 91 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
סָגַר is a primitive root - no further derivation.
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain