What does רוּשׁ (rash) mean in the Bible?
רוּשׁ (rash): State of total material lack; often describes the socially vulnerable whom covenant law protects.
Hebrew · H7326
רוּשׁ
To be destitute
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רוּשׁH7326
Pronunciationrash
What does רוּשׁ (rash) mean in the Bible?
רוּשׁ (rash): State of total material lack; often describes the socially vulnerable whom covenant law protects.
Full entry for רוּשׁ (H7326) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H7326?
The BSB source-word alignment has 24 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include a poor man (2), of the poor (2), poor (2), the poor (2), The poor man (2).
Where does רוּשׁ (rash) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at 1 Samuel 18:23. Its strongest book concentrations include Proverbs (16), 2 Samuel (3), Ecclesiastes (2), Psalms (2).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders Ita poor man2×Proverbs 19:1, Proverbs 28:6
of the poor2×Proverbs 13:23, Ecclesiastes 5:8
poor2×2 Samuel 12:1, Ecclesiastes 4:14
the poor2×2 Samuel 12:4, Proverbs 17:5
The poor man2×Proverbs 18:23, Proverbs 29:13
A destitute1×Proverbs 28:3
am a poor1×1 Samuel 18:23
and oppressed1×Psalms 82:3
and the poor1×Proverbs 22:2
another pretends to be poor1×Proverbs 13:7
but a poor1×Proverbs 13:8
but the poor1×2 Samuel 12:3
go lacking1×Psalms 34:10
of a poor man1×Proverbs 19:7
one poor1×Proverbs 10:4
over the poor1×Proverbs 22:7
The poor [man]1×Proverbs 14:20
to be poor1×Proverbs 19:22
to the poor1×Proverbs 28:27
Show sample aligned rows
1 Samuel 18:23רָ֥שׁtoam a poorVerb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular2 Samuel 12:1רָֽאשׁ׃topoorVerb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular2 Samuel 12:3וְלָרָ֣שׁtobut the poorConjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular2 Samuel 12:4הָרָ֔אשׁtothe poorArticle | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularPsalms 34:10רָשׁ֣וּtogo lackingVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralPsalms 82:3וָרָ֣שׁtoand oppressedConjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularProverbs 10:4רָ֗אשׁtoone poorVerb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularProverbs 13:7מִ֝תְרוֹשֵׁ֗שׁtoanother pretends to be poorVerb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine singularProverbs 13:8וְ֝רָ֗שׁtobut a poorConjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularProverbs 13:23רָאשִׁ֑יםtoof the poorVerb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row1 Samuel 18:23
Aligned rows24
Books represented5
1 Samuel12 Samuel3Psalms2Proverbs16Ecclesiastes2
Source forms
רָ֭שׁ3xrāšProverbs 19:1, Proverbs 28:3, Proverbs 28:6
וָרָ֣שׁ2xwā·rāšPsalms 82:3, Proverbs 22:2
לָ֭רָשׁ2xlā·rāšProverbs 17:5, Proverbs 28:27
רָ֑שׁ2xrāšProverbs 14:20, Proverbs 18:23
בְּרָשִׁ֣ים1xbə·rā·šîmProverbs 22:7
הָרָ֔אשׁ1xhā·rāš2 Samuel 12:4
וְלָרָ֣שׁ1xwə·lā·rāš2 Samuel 12:3
וְ֝רָ֗שׁ1xwə·rāšProverbs 13:8
Parsing patterns
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular13x1 Samuel 18:23, 2 Samuel 12:1, Proverbs 10:4, Proverbs 14:20
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular3xPsalms 82:3, Proverbs 13:8, Proverbs 22:2
Preposition-l, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular2xProverbs 17:5, Proverbs 28:27
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular1x2 Samuel 12:4
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular1x2 Samuel 12:3
Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural1xProverbs 22:7
Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine singular1xProverbs 13:7
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural1xProverbs 13:23
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. State of total material lack; often describes the socially vulnerable whom covenant law protects.
Strong'sH7326
Lexical occurrences24 versesWord forms2 forms16 referencesVerse guides0 guides
Study linkProverbs 10:4Source Gloss
to be destitute
Extended definitionSource: Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon + Brown-Driver-Briggs
State of total material lack; often describes the socially vulnerable whom covenant law protects.
to be destitute BDB: be in want Usage: lack, needy, (make self) poor (man).
Grammatical Forms
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups2Aligned forms16
Qalbasic active stem — the word in its most common, direct sense14×
Participle active1Sam 18:23 · 2Sam 12:1 · Eccl 4:14 · Eccl 5:7 · Prov 13:23 · Prov 14:20 · Prov 18:23 · Prov 19:1 · Prov 19:7 · Prov 19:22 · Prov 28:3 · Prov 28:6 · Prov 29:1313×
PerfectPs 34:111×
Hithpolel1×
Participle activeProv 13:71×
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Old Testament Witnesses
lack, poverty, economic deficiency
Showing 1 selected witness from 24 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
רוּשׁ is a primitive root - no further derivation.
Why This Word Matters
The proverb warns that negligence commonly leads toward financial instability.Proverbs 10:4
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.