What does γυμνάζω (gymnázō) mean in the Bible?
γυμνάζω (gymnázō): Rigorous mental or physical discipline through repeated practice, developing skill and moral character.
Greek · G1128
γυμνάζω
To train
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γυμνάζω G1128
Pronunciation gymnázō
What does γυμνάζω (gymnázō) mean in the Bible?
γυμνάζω (gymnázō): Rigorous mental or physical discipline through repeated practice, developing skill and moral character.
Full entry for γυμνάζω (G1128) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G1128?
The BSB source-word alignment has 4 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include trained (2), have been trained (1), train (1).
Where does γυμνάζω (gymnázō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at 1 Timothy 4:7. Its strongest book concentrations include Hebrews (2), 1 Timothy (1), 2 Peter (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It trained 2× Hebrews 5:14, 2 Peter 2:14
have been trained 1× Hebrews 12:11
train 1× 1 Timothy 4:7
Show sample aligned rows
1 Timothy 4:7 γύμναζε to train Verb - Present Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular Hebrews 5:14 γεγυμνασμένα to trained Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Neuter Plural Hebrews 12:11 γεγυμνασμένοις to have been trained Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Dative Masculine Plural 2 Peter 2:14 γεγυμνασμένην to trained Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Feminine Singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row 1 Timothy 4:7
Aligned rows 4
Books represented 3
1 Timothy 1 Hebrews 2 2 Peter 1
Source forms
γεγυμνασμένα 1x gegymnasmena Hebrews 5:14
γεγυμνασμένην 1x gegymnasmenēn 2 Peter 2:14
γεγυμνασμένοις 1x gegymnasmenois Hebrews 12:11
γύμναζε 1x gymnaze 1 Timothy 4:7
Parsing patterns
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Feminine Singular 1x 2 Peter 2:14
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Neuter Plural 1x Hebrews 5:14
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Dative Masculine Plural 1x Hebrews 12:11
Verb - Present Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular 1x 1 Timothy 4:7
Evidence Summary
Greek word. Rigorous mental or physical discipline through repeated practice, developing skill and moral character.
Strong's G1128
Lexical occurrences 4 verses Greek text appearances 4 times Word forms 2 forms 4 references Verse guides 0 guides
Study link 1 Timothy 4:6-10 Source Gloss
to train
Extended definition Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Rigorous mental or physical discipline through repeated practice, developing skill and moral character.
(γυμνός), [in LXX: 2Ma.10:15 * ;]
1properly, to exercise naked.
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
4 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
1 Timothy 4:7 Verb Second Person Singular Present Active Imperative
γύμναζε gumnaze
I train by physical exercise
Read verse Hebrews 5:14 Verb Perfect Passive Participle Accusative Plural Neuter
γεγυμνασμένα gegumnasmena
I train by physical exercise
Read verse Hebrews 12:11 Verb Perfect Passive Participle Dative Plural Masculine
γεγυμνασμένοις gegumnasmenoiv
I train by physical exercise
Read verse 2 Peter 2:14 Verb Perfect Passive Participle Accusative Singular Feminine
γεγυμνασμένην gegumnasmenhn
I train by physical exercise
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Grammatical Forms
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 2 Aligned forms 4 Tenses Present, Perfect Voices Active, Passive
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Tenses
Voices
Imperative command or strong request 1×
Present Active 1 Tim 4:7 1×
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 3×
Perfect Passive Heb 5:14 · Heb 12:11 · 2 Pet 2:14 3×
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 4 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
perfect 3 present 1
Voice
passive 3 active 1
Mood
participle 3 imperative 1
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
New Testament Witnesses
To engage in disciplined practice for improvement.
Showing 1 selected witness from 4 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
γυμνάζω is built from this root:
Why This Word Matters
Godliness requires intentional spiritual discipline, not passive growth. 1 Timothy 4:6-10
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain