Θεοῦ (Theou) in John 1:12: Noun Genitive Singular Masculine

Noun: the word names a person or divine referent, and here it functions as a substantive element in the phrase.

Genitive: the form usually marks a dependent relationship, so it points to relation rather than standing as the main assertion by itself.

Singular: the form is grammatically singular in this occurrence, presenting one referent rather than a plural set.

Masculine: the noun is classified as masculine in grammar, which is a language feature and does not by itself make a theological gender claim.

τέκνα

The genitive is linked to the child language and most naturally describes whose children are in view. The syntax supports a relationship phrase, not a standalone statement about the noun itself.

It functions as a genitive of relation or source, identifying the children as belonging to or associated with God in the sentence's meaning.

It does not by itself say how the children became children, nor does it add a separate action or new subject to the clause.

High: The genitive noun defines the relationship in the phrase "children of God" in John 1:12.

Genitive singular noun modifying children. identifies God as the one to whom the children are related. Attached to the children noun in John 1:12. Governed by the clause about receiving authority to become children. The form supplies the relationship label; the clause explains how that status is granted.

Whose children are being described? The genitive identifies them as children of God, a relationship granted in the verse's receiving-and-believing context.

Direct: The genitive directly supports wording such as "children of God."

The genitive may express relation, belonging, or source, but the verse's becoming language controls the reading. The masculine grammatical form belongs to the noun God and should not be made into an independent gender argument.

Genitive alone explains the whole doctrine of adoption or new birth: The form identifies the relationship; John 1:12-13 supplies the broader claim. grammar alone defines how one becomes a child of God: The case marks relation; the surrounding clause names receiving, believing, and divine source.

The witness reads Θεοῦ in John 1:12 within the phrase τέκνα Θεοῦ γενέσθαι, and the surrounding clause speaks of receiving Christ and becoming children of God.

The lemma θεός normally names God or a deity, and here the context points to the one true God rather than a generic deity claim.

The genitive singular works as a dependent modifier of τέκνα, so the grammar highlights relationship and belonging without needing to force a fuller explanation beyond the sentence.

The verse says those who received him were given authority to become children of God, and the genitive helps identify the family relationship being described.

This fits the broader Johannine pattern of divine sonship language, where identity with God is expressed through relational and covenantal terms.

In translation and teaching, the form is best rendered in a way that preserves the possession or relationship sense, such as children of God.

Do not derive a broader metaphysical system from the case ending alone, and do not treat masculine grammar as a claim about divine gender.