Ἀγαπήσεις (Agapeseis) in Matthew 5:43: Verb Second Person Singular Future Active Indicative

Verb: the form names an action or state, and here it presents the action in verbal, clause-level form.

Future: points the action forward from the speaker's viewpoint, while the sentence controls the exact sense.

Active: presents the subject as doing or carrying the action.

Indicative: presents the verbal idea as an assertion or statement in the clause.

Second person: the hearer or hearers are grammatically addressed by the verbal form.

Not applicable: this verb form is not using noun case to mark its sentence role.

Singular: the form is marked for a single grammatical subject, addressed here as one person.

Not applicable: this verb form does not use grammatical gender to make its point.

Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου

The form stands in the quoted directive after ἐρρέθη and before its object phrase, so it functions as a command-like future indicative in the cited saying.

It presents the required action toward the neighbor as the content of the quoted instruction, with the future form carrying the force of a directive in this context.

It is not functioning here as a past report, and it does not by itself define the emotional depth, duration, or full ethical scope of love.

High: The future indicative carries command-like force in the cited instruction to love the neighbor.

Command-like future in cited instruction. states the required action toward the neighbor. Attached to the object your neighbor. Governed by the quoted directive after it was said. The form functions as a directive in context, while Jesus' teaching around it defines the ethical scope.

What action is required in the cited saying? The hearer is directed to love the neighbor.

Direct: The form directly supports a command-style rendering such as "you shall love."

The future form has command force here because of the quoted instruction, not because every future indicative is a command.

Future indicative always means prediction: In this cited instruction the future carries directive force; context determines the function.

The witness reads Ἀγαπήσεις in Matthew 5:43 within the sentence, Ἠκούσατε ὅτι ἐρρέθη, Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου, καὶ μισήσεις τὸν ἐχθρόν σου.

The lemma ἀγαπάω means to love in a social or moral sense, so the form points to a relational disposition and action rather than a different lexeme.

The second person singular future active indicative addresses the hearer directly and fits the quoted instruction as a directive toward the neighbor.

In this verse the form contributes to a remembered rule about how one is to treat the neighbor, not merely a description of affection.

Within the broader canonical setting, the form can support the theme of covenantal devotion, but the verse itself specifically concerns neighbor love in a legal or ethical saying.

For teaching and translation, the form can be rendered as an imperative sense in English, while noting that the Greek form itself is future indicative.

Do not derive a separate theology of gender, degree of feeling, or tense-based chronology beyond what the quoted instruction and context support.