What does πένθος (pénthos) mean in the Bible?
πένθος (pénthos) is a Greek word meaning "grief".
Greek · G3997
πένθος
Grief
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πένθοςG3997
Pronunciationpénthos
What does πένθος (pénthos) mean in the Bible?
πένθος (pénthos) is a Greek word meaning "grief".
Full entry for πένθος (G3997) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G3997?
The BSB source-word alignment has 5 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include grief (3), mourning (2).
Where does πένθος (pénthos) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at James 4:9. Its strongest book concentrations include Revelation (4), James (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders Itgrief3×Revelation 18:7, Revelation 18:8
mourning2×James 4:9, Revelation 21:4
Show sample aligned rows
James 4:9πένθοςtomourningNoun - Accusative Neuter SingularRevelation 18:7πένθοςtogriefNoun - Accusative Neuter SingularRevelation 18:7πένθοςtogriefNoun - Accusative Neuter SingularRevelation 18:8πένθοςtogriefNoun - Nominative Neuter SingularRevelation 21:4πένθοςtomourningNoun - Nominative Neuter Singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned rowJames 4:9
Aligned rows5
Books represented2
James1Revelation4
Source forms
πένθος5xpenthosJames 4:9, Revelation 18:7, Revelation 18:8, Revelation 21:4
Parsing patterns
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular3xJames 4:9, Revelation 18:7
Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular2xRevelation 18:8, Revelation 21:4
Evidence Summary
Greek word. grief
Strong'sG3997
Lexical occurrences5 versesGreek text appearances5 timesWord forms2 forms5 referencesVerse guides0 guides
Source Gloss
grief
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpusGreek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
5 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
James 4:9Noun Accusative Singular Neuter
πένθοςpenqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verseRevelation 18:7Noun Accusative Singular Neuter
πένθος·penqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verseRevelation 18:7Noun Accusative Singular Neuter
πένθοςpenqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verseRevelation 18:8Noun Nominative Singular Neuter
πένθοςpenqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verseRevelation 21:4Noun Nominative Singular Neuter
πένθος,penqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Grammatical Forms
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
This word appears as a noun across 2 case and number patterns. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.
Form patterns2Aligned forms5Case patternAccusative (3)Number patternSingular (5)
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Nominative · Singular · NeuterRev 18:8 · Rev 21:42×
Accusative · Singular · NeuterJas 4:9 · Rev 18:73×
Word Origins
πένθος is built from this root:
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.