What does כָּלַם mean in the Bible?
כָּלַם is a Hebrew word meaning "properly, to wound ; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult".
Hebrew · H3637
כָּלַם
Properly, to wound ; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult
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כָּלַם H3637
What does כָּלַם mean in the Bible?
כָּלַם is a Hebrew word meaning "properly, to wound ; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult".
Full entry for כָּלַם (H3637) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H3637?
The BSB source-word alignment has 38 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include and humiliated (4), humiliated (4), and be ashamed (2), and disgraced (2), and embarrassed (1).
Where does כָּלַם appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Numbers 12:14. Its strongest book concentrations include Ezekiel (6), Jeremiah (6), Psalms (6), Isaiah (5).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It and humiliated 4× Psalms 40:14, Psalms 70:2, Jeremiah 14:3, Jeremiah 22:22
humiliated 4× 2 Samuel 10:5, 1 Chronicles 19:5, Isaiah 45:16, Jeremiah 31:19
and be ashamed 2× Ezekiel 16:54, Ezekiel 16:61
and disgraced 2× Isaiah 41:11, Ezekiel 36:32
and embarrassed 1× Ezra 9:6
and humbled us 1× Psalms 44:9
and put to shame 1× Psalms 35:4
be dishonored 1× Psalms 69:6
be intimidated 1× Isaiah 54:4
been disgraced 1× Isaiah 50:7
disgraces 1× Proverbs 28:7
harass them 1× 1 Samuel 25:7
harassed 1× 1 Samuel 25:15
have been in disgrace 1× Numbers 12:14
how to blush 1× Jeremiah 6:15
in humiliation 1× 2 Samuel 19:3
in shame 1× Psalms 74:21
insult her 1× Ruth 2:15
lacking 1× Judges 18:7
or humiliated 1× Isaiah 45:17
puts you to shame 1× Proverbs 25:8
rebuke 1× Job 11:3
shameful treatment 1× 1 Samuel 20:34
so that they may be ashamed 1× Ezekiel 43:10
they are ashamed 1× Ezekiel 43:11
to be ashamed 1× Jeremiah 3:3
to blush 1× Jeremiah 8:12
were ashamed 1× 2 Chronicles 30:15
who were ashamed 1× Ezekiel 16:27
you have reproached me 1× Job 19:3
Show sample aligned rows
Numbers 12:14 תִכָּלֵ֖ם to have been in disgrace Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular Judges 18:7 מַכְלִ֨ים to lacking Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular Ruth 2:15 תַכְלִימֽוּהָ׃ to insult her Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | third person feminine singular 1 Samuel 20:34 הִכְלִמ֖וֹ to shameful treatment Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular 1 Samuel 25:7 הֶכְלַמְנ֗וּם to harass them Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common plural | third person masculine plural 1 Samuel 25:15 הָכְלַ֙מְנוּ֙ to harassed Verb - Hofal - Perfect - first person common plural 2 Samuel 10:5 נִכְלָמִ֣ים to humiliated Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural 2 Samuel 19:3 הַנִּכְלָמִ֔ים to in humiliation Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural 1 Chronicles 19:5 נִכְלָמִ֣ים to humiliated Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural 2 Chronicles 30:15 נִכְלְמוּ֙ to were ashamed Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Numbers 12:14
Aligned rows 38
Books represented 14
Numbers 1 Judges 1 Ruth 1 1 Samuel 3 2 Samuel 2 1 Chronicles 1 2 Chronicles 1 Ezra 1 Job 2 Psalms 6 Proverbs 2 Isaiah 5 Jeremiah 6 Ezekiel 6
Source forms
וְיִכָּלְמ֑וּ 2x wə·yik·kā·lə·mū Psalms 40:14, Psalms 70:2
נִכְלָמִ֣ים 2x niḵ·lā·mîm 2 Samuel 10:5, 1 Chronicles 19:5
בְּהַכְלִ֖ים 1x bə·haḵ·lîm Proverbs 25:8
הַכְלִים֙ 1x haḵ·lîm Jeremiah 6:15
הִכָּלֵֽם׃ 1x hik·kā·lêm Jeremiah 3:3
הִכְלִמ֖וֹ 1x hiḵ·li·mōw 1 Samuel 20:34
הָכְלַ֙מְנוּ֙ 1x hā·ḵə·lam·nū 1 Samuel 25:15
הֶכְלַמְנ֗וּם 1x heḵ·lam·nūm 1 Samuel 25:7
Parsing patterns
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural 5x Psalms 35:4, Psalms 40:14, Psalms 70:2, Isaiah 41:11
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - second person feminine singular 3x Jeremiah 22:22, Ezekiel 16:54, Ezekiel 16:61
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural 3x 2 Chronicles 30:15, Isaiah 45:16, Ezekiel 43:11
Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular 2x Judges 18:7, Job 11:3
Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural 2x 2 Samuel 10:5, 1 Chronicles 19:5
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singular 2x Isaiah 50:7, Jeremiah 31:19
Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine plural 1x Ezekiel 16:27
Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural 1x 2 Samuel 19:3
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. properly, to wound ; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult
Source Gloss
properly, to wound ; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult
Extended definition Source: Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon + Brown-Driver-Briggs
properly, to wound; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult BDB: be humiliated Usage: be (make) ashamed, blush, be confounded, be put to confusion, hurt, reproach, (do, put to) shame.
Grammatical Forms
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 3 Aligned forms 18
Niphal passive or reflexive — the subject receives or experiences the action 13×
Perfect 2Chr 30:15 · Ezek 43:11 · Isa 45:16 · Isa 50:7 · Jer 31:19 5×
Participle active 1Chr 19:5 · 2Sam 10:5 · Ps 74:21 3×
Imperfect Isa 45:17 · Num 12:14 2×
Jussive Isa 54:4 · Ps 69:7 2×
Infinitive construct Jer 3:3 1×
Hiphil causative active — the subject causes someone else to perform the action 4×
Participle active Job 11:3 · Judg 18:7 2×
Infinitive construct Jer 6:15 1×
Imperfect Prov 28:7 1×
Hophal causative passive — the subject is caused to perform the action 1×
Perfect 1Sam 25:15 1×
Word Origins
כָּלַם is a primitive root - no further derivation.
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain