What does עוּד (wanniti‘ôḏāḏ) mean in the Bible?
עוּד (wanniti‘ôḏāḏ): Testimony rooted in repetition: to witness by reiterating truth, carrying covenantal weight through reiteration.
Hebrew · H5749
עוּד
To duplicate or repeat ; by implication, to protest , testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass , restore (as a sort of reduplication)
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עוּד H5749
Pronunciation wanniti‘ôḏāḏ
What does עוּד (wanniti‘ôḏāḏ) mean in the Bible?
עוּד (wanniti‘ôḏāḏ): Testimony rooted in repetition: to witness by reiterating truth, carrying covenantal weight through reiteration.
Full entry for עוּד (H5749) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H5749?
The BSB source-word alignment has 44 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include . . . (4), and warn (2), as witnesses (2), solemnly warned (2), admonished (1).
Where does עוּד (wanniti‘ôḏāḏ) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Genesis 43:3. Its strongest book concentrations include Jeremiah (8), Nehemiah (6), Psalms (6), Deuteronomy (5).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It . . . 4× Genesis 43:3, 1 Samuel 8:9, Jeremiah 11:7
and warn 2× Exodus 19:21, 1 Kings 2:42
as witnesses 2× Deuteronomy 4:26, Deuteronomy 30:19
solemnly warned 2× Genesis 43:3, Exodus 19:23
admonished 1× Nehemiah 9:30
and call in 1× Jeremiah 32:25
and have them testify 1× 1 Kings 21:10
And I will appoint 1× Isaiah 8:2
and I will testify 1× Psalms 50:7
and I will warn 1× Psalms 81:8
and stand firm 1× Psalms 20:8
and testify 1× Amos 3:13
and to testify 1× 2 Chronicles 24:19
bind me 1× Psalms 119:61
but I warned 1× Nehemiah 13:21
called in witnesses 1× Jeremiah 32:10
can I say for you 1× Lamentations 2:13
commended me 1× Job 29:11
gave this charge 1× Zechariah 3:6
had admonished 1× Nehemiah 9:26
has been a witness 1× Malachi 2:14
has been warned 1× Exodus 21:29
have solemnly declared 1× Deuteronomy 32:46
He had given 1× 2 Kings 17:15
He sustains 1× Psalms 146:9
I have warned 1× Jeremiah 42:19
I strongly warned them 1× Jeremiah 11:7
I testify 1× Deuteronomy 8:19
So I warned them 1× Nehemiah 13:15
sustains 1× Psalms 147:6
testified 1× 1 Kings 21:13
this warning 1× Jeremiah 6:10
to witness 1× Deuteronomy 31:28
vvv 1× Jeremiah 32:44
warned 1× 2 Kings 17:13
You admonished 1× Nehemiah 9:29
You gave 1× Nehemiah 9:34
you must solemnly warn 1× 1 Samuel 8:9
Show sample aligned rows
Genesis 43:3 הָעֵ֣ד to solemnly warned Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute Genesis 43:3 הֵעִד֩ to . . . Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular Exodus 19:21 הָעֵ֣ד to and warn Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular Exodus 19:23 הַעֵדֹ֤תָה to solemnly warned Verb - Hifil - Perfect - second person masculine singular Exodus 21:29 וְהוּעַ֤ד to has been warned Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hofal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular Deuteronomy 4:26 הַעִידֹתִי֩ to as witnesses Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular Deuteronomy 8:19 הַעִדֹ֤תִי to I testify Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular Deuteronomy 30:19 הַעִידֹ֨תִי to as witnesses Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular Deuteronomy 31:28 וְאָעִ֣ידָה to to witness Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular Deuteronomy 32:46 מֵעִ֥יד to have solemnly declared Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Genesis 43:3
Aligned rows 44
Books represented 16
Genesis 2 Exodus 3 Deuteronomy 5 1 Samuel 2 1 Kings 3 2 Kings 2 2 Chronicles 1 Nehemiah 6 Job 1 Psalms 6 Isaiah 1 Jeremiah 8 Lamentations 1 Amos 1 Zechariah 1 Malachi 1
Source forms
וְאָעִ֣ידָה 4x wə·’ā·‘î·ḏāh Deuteronomy 31:28, Psalms 50:7, Psalms 81:8, Isaiah 8:2
הָעֵ֣ד 2x hā·‘êḏ Genesis 43:3, Exodus 19:21
וְהָעֵ֣ד 2x wə·hā·‘êḏ Jeremiah 32:25, Jeremiah 32:44
וַתָּ֨עַד 2x wat·tā·‘aḏ Nehemiah 9:29, Nehemiah 9:30
אֲעִידֵ֞ךְ 1x ’ă·‘î·ḏêḵ Lamentations 2:13
הֵעִד֩ 1x hê·‘iḏ Genesis 43:3
הָעֵ֤ד 1x hā·‘êḏ 1 Samuel 8:9
הָעֵ֨ד 1x hā·‘êḏ Jeremiah 11:7
Parsing patterns
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular 5x Deuteronomy 31:28, Psalms 50:7, Psalms 81:8, Isaiah 8:2
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular 5x Deuteronomy 4:26, Deuteronomy 8:19, Deuteronomy 30:19, Jeremiah 11:7
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular 3x 1 Kings 2:42, Nehemiah 13:15, Jeremiah 32:10
Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute 3x Genesis 43:3, 1 Samuel 8:9, Jeremiah 11:7
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular 3x Genesis 43:3, 2 Kings 17:15, Malachi 2:14
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine singular 2x Nehemiah 9:29, Nehemiah 9:30
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular 2x 2 Kings 17:13, Zechariah 3:6
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute 2x Jeremiah 11:7, Jeremiah 32:44
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. Testimony rooted in repetition: to witness by reiterating truth, carrying covenantal weight through reiteration.
Strong's H5749
Lexical occurrences 44 verses Word forms 2 forms 19 references Verse guides 0 guides
Study link Psalms 20:6–9 Source Gloss
to duplicate or repeat ; by implication, to protest , testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass , restore (as a sort of reduplication)
Grammatical Forms
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 2 Aligned forms 19
Hiphil causative active — the subject causes someone else to perform the action 17×
Perfect Deut 4:26 · Deut 8:19 · Deut 30:19 · Jer 11:7 · Jer 42:19 · 2Kgs 17:15 · Gen 43:3 · Mal 2:14 · Exod 19:23 · Neh 9:34 · Neh 9:26 11×
Infinitive absolute 1Sam 8:9 · Gen 43:3 · Jer 11:7 3×
Imperfect 1Sam 8:9 1×
Participle active Deut 32:46 1×
Sequential imperfect Exod 19:21 1×
Polel 2×
Imperfect Ps 146:9 1×
Participle active Ps 147:6 1×
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Old Testament Witnesses
We stood firm; we were restored; we stood upright; indicates a state of being strengthened or set upright by an external force
Showing 1 selected witness from 44 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
עוּד is a primitive root - no further derivation.
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain