ἐδολιοῦσαν· (edoliousan) in Romans 3:13: Verb Third Person Plural Imperfect Active Indicative

Verb: the form states the deceptive action attributed to the people whose speech Paul is describing from Scripture.

Imperfect: views the deceiving as unfolding in the cited portrayal. The aspect can suit practiced conduct, but it does not insert the adverb always.

Active: the implied plural people carry out the deception, using their tongues as its means.

Indicative: presents the conduct as an assertion in the cited indictment rather than a command or hypothetical possibility.

Third person: speaks about they, the people under description, rather than speaking as or directly to them.

Not applicable to the finite verb; the dative phrase ταῖς γλώσσαις identifies the instrument or means.

Plural: agrees with the implied plural actors and with the possessive their attached to tongues.

Not applicable: this finite verbal form does not express gender.

The verb has an implied plural subject and is accompanied by ταῖς γλώσσαις αὐτῶν, with their tongues, naming the means of the deceit.

The sequence of scriptural citations in Romans 3:10-18 that substantiates the charge that all are under sin.

It functions as the finite predicate of the line about deceptive speech, moving the indictment from throat imagery to what tongues do.

It does not say every word spoken is deceit, quantify the conduct, or make imperfect aspect alone prove lifelong habit.

High: The predicate supplies the action in a vivid scriptural charge about corrupt speech.

Plural imperfect active speech predicate. attributes deceptive action to the people by means of their tongues. Attached to an implied plural subject and the instrumental dative ταῖς γλώσσαις αὐτῶν. Governed by the Romans 3:13 citation line. Aspect portrays the action internally but does not state an adverbial frequency.

What does the cited line say people do with their tongues? It portrays them acting deceitfully with their tongues, adding corrupt speech to Paul's scriptural indictment.

Direct: The active imperfect supports they practiced deceit, while English may place tongues as the grammatical subject to express the same relation.

Greek leaves the plural subject implicit, so English can restructure the tongue phrase as subject. Imperfect aspect can support an unfolding portrayal without proving constant repetition. The citation contributes evidence and should not be detached from its surrounding chain.

Imperfect means continually without exception: The aspect presents the conduct from within; frequency must come from context rather than the form alone. tongues are independent moral agents: People are the implied actors, and their tongues name the means of speech. one form proves the whole doctrine of depravity: This clause is one part of Paul's cumulative scriptural witness.

Romans 3:13 reads ταῖς γλώσσαις αὐτῶν ἐδολιοῦσαν, and the textual witness marks the verb V-IAI-3P.

The lemma δολιόω concerns acting deceitfully. Its local attachment to tongues places that deceit in speech.

The plural active verb supplies the actors and action, while the dative phrase supplies the means. Imperfect aspect portrays the conduct from within the cited scene without measuring its total frequency.

Paul assembles Scripture's witness to show corrupt speech as one expression of the sin under which both Jews and Greeks stand.

The citation contributes to the broader Romans 3 movement from universal accountability to the righteousness God reveals apart from law works.

Show how the grammar links people, tongues, and deceptive action, then keep the line inside Paul's cumulative scriptural case.

Do not make imperfect aspect mean unceasing deception or use one speech image as a complete anthropology by itself.