What does ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō) mean in the Bible?
ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō): Astonishment bordering on terror or distress; shock that overwhelms composure rather than mere surprise.
Greek · G1568
ἐκθαμβέω
To astonish utterly
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ἐκθαμβέω G1568
Pronunciation ekthambéō
What does ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō) mean in the Bible?
ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō): Astonishment bordering on terror or distress; shock that overwhelms composure rather than mere surprise.
Full entry for ἐκθαμβέω (G1568) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G1568?
The BSB source-word alignment has 4 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include be alarmed (1), they were alarmed (1), they were filled with awe (1), to be deeply troubled (1).
Where does ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Mark 9:15. Its strongest book concentrations include Mark (4).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It be alarmed 1× Mark 16:6
they were alarmed 1× Mark 16:5
they were filled with awe 1× Mark 9:15
to be deeply troubled 1× Mark 14:33
Show sample aligned rows
Mark 9:15 ἐξεθαμβήθησαν to they were filled with awe Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural Mark 14:33 ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι to to be deeply troubled Verb - Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Mark 16:5 ἐξεθαμβήθησαν to they were alarmed Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural Mark 16:6 ἐκθαμβεῖσθε to be alarmed Verb - Present Imperative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Plural
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Mark 9:15
Aligned rows 4
Books represented 1
Mark 4
Source forms
ἐξεθαμβήθησαν 2x exethambēthēsan Mark 9:15, Mark 16:5
ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι 1x ekthambeisthai Mark 14:33
ἐκθαμβεῖσθε 1x ekthambeisthe Mark 16:6
Parsing patterns
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural 2x Mark 9:15, Mark 16:5
Verb - Present Imperative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Plural 1x Mark 16:6
Verb - Present Infinitive Middle or Passive 1x Mark 14:33
Evidence Summary
Greek word. Astonishment bordering on terror or distress; shock that overwhelms composure rather than mere surprise.
Source Gloss
to astonish utterly
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
4 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
Mark 9:15 Verb Third Person Singular Aorist Passive Indicative
ἐξεθαμβήθη, exeqambhqh
I am greatly astonished
Read verse Mark 14:33 Verb Present Passive Infinitive
ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι ekqambeisqai
I am greatly astonished
Read verse Mark 16:5 Verb Third Person Plural Aorist Passive Indicative
ἐξεθαμβήθησαν. exeqambhqhsan
I am greatly astonished
Read verse Mark 16:6 Verb Second Person Plural Present Passive Imperative
ἐκθαμβεῖσθε· ekqambeisqe
I am greatly astonished
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 4 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist 2 present 2
Voice
passive 4
Mood
indicative 2 infinitive 1 imperative 1
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
ἐκθαμβέω is built from this root:
ἔκθαμβος G1569
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain