What does ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō) mean in the Bible?
ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō): Astonishment bordering on terror or distress; shock that overwhelms composure rather than mere surprise.
Greek · G1568
ἐκθαμβέω
To astonish utterly
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ἐκθαμβέωG1568
Pronunciationekthambéō
What does ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō) mean in the Bible?
ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō): Astonishment bordering on terror or distress; shock that overwhelms composure rather than mere surprise.
Full entry for ἐκθαμβέω (G1568) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G1568?
The BSB source-word alignment has 4 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include be alarmed (1), they were alarmed (1), they were filled with awe (1), to be deeply troubled (1).
Where does ἐκθαμβέω (ekthambéō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Mark 9:15. Its strongest book concentrations include Mark (4).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders Itbe alarmed1×Mark 16:6
they were alarmed1×Mark 16:5
they were filled with awe1×Mark 9:15
to be deeply troubled1×Mark 14:33
Show sample aligned rows
Mark 9:15ἐξεθαμβήθησανtothey were filled with aweVerb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person PluralMark 14:33ἐκθαμβεῖσθαιtoto be deeply troubledVerb - Present Infinitive Middle or PassiveMark 16:5ἐξεθαμβήθησανtothey were alarmedVerb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person PluralMark 16:6ἐκθαμβεῖσθεtobe alarmedVerb - Present Imperative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Plural
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned rowMark 9:15
Aligned rows4
Books represented1
Mark4
Source forms
ἐξεθαμβήθησαν2xexethambēthēsanMark 9:15, Mark 16:5
ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι1xekthambeisthaiMark 14:33
ἐκθαμβεῖσθε1xekthambeistheMark 16:6
Parsing patterns
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural2xMark 9:15, Mark 16:5
Verb - Present Imperative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Plural1xMark 16:6
Verb - Present Infinitive Middle or Passive1xMark 14:33
Evidence Summary
Greek word. Astonishment bordering on terror or distress; shock that overwhelms composure rather than mere surprise.
Source Gloss
to astonish utterly
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpusGreek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
4 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
Mark 9:15Verb Third Person Singular Aorist Passive Indicative
ἐξεθαμβήθη,exeqambhqh
I am greatly astonished
Read verseMark 14:33Verb Present Passive Infinitive
ἐκθαμβεῖσθαιekqambeisqai
I am greatly astonished
Read verseMark 16:5Verb Third Person Plural Aorist Passive Indicative
ἐξεθαμβήθησαν.exeqambhqhsan
I am greatly astonished
Read verseMark 16:6Verb Second Person Plural Present Passive Imperative
ἐκθαμβεῖσθε·ekqambeisqe
I am greatly astonished
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 4 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist2present2
Voice
passive4
Mood
indicative2infinitive1imperative1
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
ἐκθαμβέω is built from this root:
ἔκθαμβοςG1569