What does ἐπισκέπτομαι (episképtomai) mean in the Bible?
G1980, episképtomai, is a Greek verb for visiting with purposeful attention. Depending on the context, the visit may inspect, select, check on, relieve, or care for someone.
To visit/care for
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G1980, episképtomai, is a Greek verb for visiting with purposeful attention. Depending on the context, the visit may inspect, select, check on, relieve, or care for someone.
Reader summary
Full entry for ἐπισκέπτομαι (G1980) · Open the biblical lexicon
G1980, episképtomai, is a Greek verb for visiting with purposeful attention. Depending on the context, the visit may inspect, select, check on, relieve, or care for someone.
The BSB source-word alignment has 11 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include [and] visit (1), has visited (1), He has visited (1), select (1), to care for (1).
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Matthew 25:36. Its strongest book concentrations include Acts (4), Luke (3), Matthew (2), Hebrews (1).
G1980, episképtomai, is a Greek verb for visiting with purposeful attention. Depending on the context, the visit may inspect, select, check on, relieve, or care for someone. Luke uses the word when God visits and redeems His people and when the crowd recognizes His mercy in Jesus raising a widow's son. Acts uses it for examining qualified servants, God's merciful gathering of a people from the Gentiles, and returning to see how fellow believers are doing. Hebrews speaks of God's care for humanity. Jesus identifies care for the sick and imprisoned with service rendered to Him, and James names care for orphans and widows in distress as part of pure religion.
The verb therefore means more than appearing at a place or making a courteous social call. Biblical visitation notices a real condition and moves toward an appropriate response. God's visitation is His merciful action in history, not a claim that He had been absent or uninformed. Human visitation may involve examination, accountable selection, sustained follow-up, presence with suffering people, and practical care. The surrounding passage must determine who visits, why the visit occurs, and what faithful action follows.
G1980 does not teach that acts of care earn salvation. Rather, care reveals the living obedience that belongs to those who receive God's mercy. Nor does the word authorize intrusive access to vulnerable people. Visits to sick, grieving, institutionalized, or incarcerated people should honor consent, confidentiality, safeguarding rules, and the competence of trained caregivers. Purposeful presence serves the person visited; it does not turn suffering into ministry content or a measure of the visitor's virtue.
G1980 moves from God's redemptive visitation to careful selection, congregational follow-up, divine care for humanity, and concrete presence with sick, imprisoned, orphaned, and widowed people.
“Blessed be the Lord, the God of Israel, because He has visited and redeemed His people.
Zechariah blesses God because covenant visitation has become redemptive action. The word names God's initiative rather than Israel's achievement.
Because of the tender mercy of our God, by which the Dawn will visit us from on high,
The promised visit arises from God's tender mercy and is pictured as dawn reaching people in darkness. Visitation brings divine light and peace rather than vague spiritual sensation.
A sense of awe swept over all of them, and they glorified God. “A great prophet has appeared among us!” they said. “God has visited His people!”
The crowd interprets Jesus' compassionate raising of a widow's son as God's visitation. Mercy becomes visible in life restored and grief answered.
Therefore, brothers, select from among you seven men confirmed to be full of the Spirit and wisdom. We will assign this responsibility to them
The congregation must examine and select trustworthy servants for a neglected distribution. Purposeful inspection supports just care; popularity alone is not the criterion.
Simon has told us how God first visited the Gentiles to take from them a people to be His own.
James describes Gentile inclusion as God's gracious visitation and covenant initiative. The verse does not make one ethnicity replace another or turn divine welcome into human superiority.
Some time later Paul said to Barnabas, “Let us go back and visit the brothers in every town where we proclaimed the word of the Lord, to see how they are doing.”
Paul proposes returning to believers after the initial mission. Evangelistic proclamation is followed by relational attention to how communities are actually doing.
But somewhere it is testified in these words: “What is man that You are mindful of him, or the son of man that You care for him?
The psalm's question marvels at God's attentive care for humanity, and Hebrews reads human vocation within the Son's humiliation and exaltation.
I was naked and you clothed Me, I was sick and you looked after Me, I was in prison and you visited Me.’
The Son of Man identifies Himself with people whose need is answered by concrete presence and care. The judgment scene exposes allegiance; it does not present isolated visits as wages that purchase salvation.
Pure and undefiled religion before our God and Father is this: to care for orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world.
James joins care for vulnerable people with personal holiness. Faithful visitation enters distress to serve while refusing the world's corrupt patterns.
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders ItA compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
Greek word. To visit with purposeful care or intervention—either merciful aid or judicial punishment.
Textus Receptus witness, full corpusGreek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
11 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
I look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseI look upon, visit, look out, select
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
How this verb appears across 11 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Showing 3 selected witnesses from 11 lexical occurrence verses.
ἐπισκέπτομαι is built from these roots:
Indicates divine covenant intervention.
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
G1980 gives visitation moral purpose. In Luke, God visits His people by redeeming, bringing dawn from on high, and restoring a widow's dead son. Divine attention becomes covenant mercy in history. Acts then shows several human dimensions of the word. Leaders are examined for Spirit-shaped character and wisdom before receiving responsibility. Gentile inclusion is recognized as God's action, not a human possession.
Paul wants to return after proclamation and learn how the churches are doing. Hebrews marvels that God cares for humanity, while Matthew and James place vulnerable people directly before the church. The sick, imprisoned, orphaned, and widowed are not illustrations for someone else's ministry story. They are neighbors whose conditions call for dignified presence and concrete help.
This care does not earn rescue from God; it bears witness to allegiance and obedient faith. Faithful visitation listens before assuming, follows safeguarding and institutional requirements, protects confidentiality, and works with qualified medical, legal, or social-service care when needed. A visit may be brief, but its purpose cannot be self-display. G1980 calls the church to be present in ways that examine honestly, select responsibly, follow up faithfully, and relieve suffering without taking control of the person being served.
Jas.1.27
G1980 is a middle-form verb whose contextual renderings include inspect, select, visit, look after, and care for. Its eleven New Testament uses show that the visit is purposeful and often directed toward a person's condition or a community's welfare.
The Greek verb frequently carries visitation language associated with Hebrew H6485, where a visit can mean attentive intervention. The New Testament centers merciful visitation in Jesus and extends purposeful care into the church's treatment of communities and vulnerable neighbors.