What does ὀδυνάω (odynáō) mean in the Bible?
ὀδυνάω (odynáō) is a Greek word meaning "to grieve".
Greek · G3600
ὀδυνάω
To grieve
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ὀδυνάωG3600
Pronunciationodynáō
What does ὀδυνάω (odynáō) mean in the Bible?
ὀδυνάω (odynáō) is a Greek word meaning "to grieve".
Full entry for ὀδυνάω (G3600) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G3600?
The BSB source-word alignment has 4 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include . . . (1), are in agony (1), I am in agony (1), They were especially grieved (1).
Where does ὀδυνάω (odynáō) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Luke 2:48. Its strongest book concentrations include Luke (3), Acts (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It. . .1×Luke 2:48
are in agony1×Luke 16:25
I am in agony1×Luke 16:24
They were especially grieved1×Acts 20:38
Show sample aligned rows
Luke 2:48ὀδυνώμενοιto. . .Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine PluralLuke 16:24ὀδυνῶμαιtoI am in agonyVerb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 1st Person SingularLuke 16:25ὀδυνᾶσαιtoare in agonyVerb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person SingularActs 20:38ὀδυνώμενοιtoThey were especially grievedVerb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned rowLuke 2:48
Aligned rows4
Books represented2
Luke3Acts1
Source forms
ὀδυνώμενοι2xodynōmenoiLuke 2:48, Acts 20:38
ὀδυνᾶσαι1xodynasaiLuke 16:25
ὀδυνῶμαι1xodynōmaiLuke 16:24
Parsing patterns
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural2xLuke 2:48, Acts 20:38
Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 1st Person Singular1xLuke 16:24
Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singular1xLuke 16:25
Evidence Summary
Greek word. to grieve
Source Gloss
to grieve
Extended definitionSource: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
(ὀδύνη), [in LXX: Zec.9:5 (חוּל), Zec.12:10 (מָרַר hi.), La 1:13 (דָּוֶה), Wis.14:24, al. ;] to cause pain or suffering; pass. and mid., to suffer pain, be tormented or greatly distressed: Luk.2:48 16:24-25 (ὀδυνᾶσαι, see M, Pr., 53 f.); before ἐπί, Act.20:38.
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpusGreek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
4 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
Luke 2:48Verb Present Passive Participle Nominative Plural Masculine
ὀδυνώμενοιodunwmenoi
I torment, pain
Read verseLuke 16:24Verb First Person Singular Present Passive Indicative
ὀδυνῶμαιodunwmai
I torment, pain
Read verseLuke 16:25Verb Second Person Singular Present Passive Indicative
ὀδυνᾶσαι.odunasai
I torment, pain
Read verseActs 20:38Verb Present Passive Participle Nominative Plural Masculine
ὀδυνώμενοιodunwmenoi
I torment, pain
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 4 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
present4
Voice
middle4
Mood
participle2indicative2
NT Occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
ὀδυνάω is built from this root:
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.