What does πικρός (pikrós) mean in the Bible?
πικρός (pikrós): Bitter taste or harsh behavior; metaphorically describes bitterness of spirit poisoning speech and community.
Greek · G4089
πικρός
Bitter
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πικρός G4089
Pronunciation pikrós
What does πικρός (pikrós) mean in the Bible?
πικρός (pikrós): Bitter taste or harsh behavior; metaphorically describes bitterness of spirit poisoning speech and community.
Full entry for πικρός (G4089) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G4089?
The BSB source-word alignment has 2 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include bitter (1), salt [water] (1).
Where does πικρός (pikrós) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at James 3:11. Its strongest book concentrations include James (2).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It bitter 1× James 3:14
salt [water] 1× James 3:11
Show sample aligned rows
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row James 3:11
Aligned rows 2
Books represented 1
James 2
Source forms
πικρόν 1x pikron James 3:11
πικρὸν 1x pikron James 3:14
Parsing patterns
Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular 1x James 3:14
Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular 1x James 3:11
Evidence Summary
Greek word. Bitter taste or harsh behavior; metaphorically describes bitterness of spirit poisoning speech and community.
Strong's G4089
Lexical occurrences 2 verses Greek text appearances 2 times Word forms 2 forms 2 references Verse guides 0 guides
Study link Luke 22:54–62 Source Gloss
bitter
Extended definition Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Bitter taste or harsh behavior; metaphorically describes bitterness of spirit poisoning speech and community.
(poët. in cl.), [in LXX chiefly for מַר ;]
1sharp, pointed.
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
2 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
James 3:11 Adjective Accusative Singular Neuter
πικρόν; pikron
bitter, acrid, malignant
Read verse James 3:14 Adjective Accusative Singular Masculine
πικρὸν pikron
bitter, acrid, malignant
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Grammatical Forms
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
This word appears as a noun across 2 case and number patterns. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.
Form patterns 2 Aligned forms 2 Case pattern Accusative (2) Number pattern Singular (2)
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Accusative · Singular · Neuter Jas 3:11 1×
Accusative · Singular · Masculine Jas 3:14 1×
Where It Appears in Scripture
Where this word appears in Scripture: passage, original form, and sense in context.
New Testament Witnesses
bitterly
Additional Occurrences
Luke 22:54–62 πικρῶς pikrós
Bitterly
Word Origins
πικρός is built from this root:
Why This Word Matters
Expresses genuine repentance. Luke 22:54–62
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain