προσκύνησον. (proskuneson) in Revelation 22:9: Verb Second Person Singular Aorist Active Imperative
προσκύνησον. (proskuneson) in Revelation 22:9
Textual Witness
The witness reads τῷ Θεῷ προσκύνησον in Revelation 22:9, after the refusal of honor from the speaker.
How The Form Affects Interpretation
The form intensifies the verse's corrective turn: worship is to be given to God, while the speaker remains a fellow servant.
How To Communicate It
In translation and teaching, this supports a plain, forceful rendering such as 'Worship God' or 'Render worship to God.'
What Not To Say
- Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
- The verb's imperative force should be read with the surrounding refusal of honor and the dative of God.
- Do not turn verbal morphology into a standalone doctrinal claim apart from the verse's immediate speech.
What Does The Label Mean?
Verb: the form names an action or command, here the act of worship or reverent homage.
Aorist: commonly views the action as a whole event. It should not be treated as automatically punctiliar or automatically past in every context.
Active: presents the subject as doing or carrying the action.
Imperative: presents the verbal idea as a command, appeal, or summons to action.
Second person: the hearer or hearers are grammatically addressed by the verbal form.
Not applicable: this verb form is not using noun case to mark its sentence role.
Singular: the command is addressed to one person, so the form is second person singular.
Not applicable: this verb form does not use grammatical gender to make its point.
What The Form Does In This Verse
It stands with the direct address to τῷ Θεῷ and closes the angel's instruction in the verse.
It is governed by the imperative force of the sentence, telling the hearer what to do in response to the statement that the speaker is a fellow servant.
The form functions as a direct command to render worship or reverence to God, not to the speaker.
It is not a statement of fact, not a description of ongoing action, and not a command directed to the angel.
How Much The Form Matters Here
High: The imperative is the corrective command that redirects worship to God.
Aorist active imperative, second person singular. commands the hearer to worship God rather than the fellow servant. Attached to the dative phrase to God. Governed by the angel's corrective speech in Revelation 22:9. The imperative supplies command force, and the dative identifies the proper recipient.
Who is to receive worship in the correction? God is to receive worship, not the messenger.
Direct: The imperative directly supports worship God.
Aorist imperative should not be treated as past time or as a once-for-all formula. The command's recipient is supplied by to God, not by the verb form alone. The correction should be read with the refusal of misplaced honor in the verse.
Imperative alone supplies the whole worship doctrine: The imperative directs action; the verse's contrast supplies the theological correction. aorist imperative proves one-time worship only: Aorist imperative aspect should not be made into a limit on worship.
How The Interpretation Is Derived
The witness reads τῷ Θεῷ προσκύνησον in Revelation 22:9, after the refusal of honor from the speaker.
The lemma προσκυνέω means to worship or render reverence, so the form keeps that lexical idea in view.
The imperative gives the clause exhorting force, and the dative τῷ Θεῷ marks the one who is to receive the worship.
In context, the command redirects honor away from the messenger and toward God alone.
This fits the book's repeated pattern of refusing misplaced worship and reserving worship for God.
For readers, the grammar sharpens the line between servant and God, making the command clear and immediate.
Do not infer that the tense form itself adds a special theology beyond the context, and do not build a gender or status claim from the verb form.