What does אֶבְיוֹן (ʾebĕywōn) mean in the Bible?
אֶבְיוֹן (ʾebĕywōn): One reduced to absolute destitution and dependence; carries covenantal obligation for Israel to protect the vulnerable
Hebrew · H34
אֶבְיוֹן
Destitute
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אֶבְיוֹן H34
Pronunciation ʾebĕywōn
What does אֶבְיוֹן (ʾebĕywōn) mean in the Bible?
אֶבְיוֹן (ʾebĕywōn): One reduced to absolute destitution and dependence; carries covenantal obligation for Israel to protect the vulnerable
Full entry for אֶבְיוֹן (H34) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H34?
The BSB source-word alignment has 61 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include and needy (19), the needy (10), of the needy (6), and the needy (4), to the needy (3).
Where does אֶבְיוֹן (ʾebĕywōn) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Exodus 23:6. Its strongest book concentrations include Psalms (23), Deuteronomy (7), Job (6), Amos (5).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It and needy 19× Deuteronomy 15:11, Deuteronomy 24:14, Job 24:14, Psalms 35:10
the needy 10× 1 Samuel 2:8, Job 5:15, Job 24:4, Psalms 9:18
of the needy 6× Psalms 12:5, Psalms 72:4, Psalms 140:12, Isaiah 32:7
and the needy 4× Proverbs 30:14, Isaiah 14:30, Amos 2:6, Amos 8:6
to the needy 3× Job 29:16, Proverbs 14:31, Proverbs 31:20
to the poor 3× Exodus 23:6, Esther 9:22, Psalms 112:9
for the needy 2× Job 30:25, Isaiah 25:4
poor 2× Deuteronomy 15:4, Jeremiah 2:34
{you deprive} the poor 1× Amos 5:12
a poor man 1× Deuteronomy 15:7
and poor 1× Psalms 49:2
and the poor 1× Isaiah 29:19
from your poor 1× Deuteronomy 15:7
her poor 1× Psalms 132:15
of the needy one 1× Psalms 109:31
of the oppressed 1× Psalms 72:13
or a needy man 1× Job 31:19
so that the poor 1× Exodus 23:11
to be poor 1× Deuteronomy 15:11
your poor 1× Deuteronomy 15:9
Show sample aligned rows
Exodus 23:6 אֶבְיֹנְךָ֖ to to the poor Adjective - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular Exodus 23:11 אֶבְיֹנֵ֣י to so that the poor Noun - masculine plural construct Deuteronomy 15:4 אֶבְי֑וֹן to poor Adjective - masculine singular Deuteronomy 15:7 אֶבְי֜וֹן to a poor man Adjective - masculine singular Deuteronomy 15:7 הָאֶבְיֽוֹן׃ to from your poor Article | Adjective - masculine singular Deuteronomy 15:9 הָֽאֶבְי֔וֹן to your poor Article | Adjective - masculine singular Deuteronomy 15:11 אֶבְי֖וֹן to to be poor Adjective - masculine singular Deuteronomy 15:11 וּלְאֶבְיֹנְךָ֖ to and needy Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular Deuteronomy 24:14 וְאֶבְי֑וֹן to and needy Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular 1 Samuel 2:8 אֶבְי֔וֹן to the needy Adjective - masculine singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row Exodus 23:6
Aligned rows 61
Books represented 11
Exodus 2 Deuteronomy 7 1 Samuel 1 Esther 1 Job 6 Psalms 23 Proverbs 4 Isaiah 5 Jeremiah 4 Ezekiel 3 Amos 5
Source forms
אֶבְי֑וֹן 5x ’eḇ·yō·wn Deuteronomy 15:4, Psalms 9:18, Psalms 72:4, Psalms 109:31
וְאֶבְי֑וֹן 5x wə·’eḇ·yō·wn Deuteronomy 24:14, Job 24:14, Psalms 37:14, Psalms 72:13
וְאֶבְי֖וֹן 4x wə·’eḇ·yō·wn Jeremiah 22:16, Ezekiel 16:49, Amos 2:6, Amos 8:6
אֶבְי֖וֹן 3x ’eḇ·yō·wn Deuteronomy 15:11, Isaiah 32:7, Jeremiah 20:13
אֶבְיֽוֹן׃ 3x ’eḇ·yō·wn Job 5:15, Psalms 113:7, Proverbs 14:31
אֶבְיוֹנִ֣ים 3x ’eḇ·yō·w·nîm Job 24:4, Psalms 69:33, Psalms 72:13
אֶבְי֣וֹן 2x ’eḇ·yō·wn Psalms 72:12, Psalms 107:41
אֶבְיוֹנִ֖ים 2x ’eḇ·yō·w·nîm Jeremiah 2:34, Jeremiah 5:28
Parsing patterns
Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular 19x Deuteronomy 24:14, Job 24:14, Psalms 35:10, Psalms 37:14
Adjective - masculine singular 15x Deuteronomy 15:4, Deuteronomy 15:7, Deuteronomy 15:11, 1 Samuel 2:8
Noun - masculine plural 8x Job 24:4, Psalms 12:5, Psalms 69:33, Psalms 72:13
Preposition-l, Article | Adjective - masculine singular 4x Job 30:25, Job 31:19, Proverbs 31:20, Isaiah 25:4
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural 3x Proverbs 30:14, Isaiah 14:30, Amos 5:12
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine plural 3x Esther 9:22, Job 29:16, Psalms 112:9
Article | Adjective - masculine singular 2x Deuteronomy 15:7, Deuteronomy 15:9
Adjective - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular 1x Exodus 23:6
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. One reduced to absolute destitution and dependence; carries covenantal obligation for Israel to protect the vulnerable
Source Gloss
destitute
Extended definition Source: Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon + Brown-Driver-Briggs
One reduced to absolute destitution and dependence; carries covenantal obligation for Israel to protect the vulnerable
destitute BDB: in want Usage: beggar, needy, poor (man).
Grammatical Forms
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
Selected Scripture Witnesses
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Biblical Witnesses
Those lacking resources, contrasted with the rich in social hierarchy
Destitute persons who receive charitable assistance and care from the virtuous
Showing 2 selected witnesses from 61 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
אֶבְיוֹן is built from this root:
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain