What does סוּג (sûg) mean in the Bible?
סוּג (sûg): Recoiling movement that ranges from physical retreat to spiritual apostasy; embodies turning away from covenant faithfulness.
Hebrew · H5472
סוּג
Properly, to flinch , i.e. (by implication) to go back , literally (to retreat ) or figuratively (to apostatize )
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סוּגH5472
Pronunciationsûg
What does סוּג (sûg) mean in the Bible?
סוּג (sûg): Recoiling movement that ranges from physical retreat to spiritual apostasy; embodies turning away from covenant faithfulness.
Full entry for סוּג (H5472) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render H5472?
The BSB source-word alignment has 14 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include be repelled (2), and they deserted (1), be driven back (1), be turned (1), have turned away (1).
Where does סוּג (sûg) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Psalms 35:4. Its strongest book concentrations include Psalms (8), Isaiah (2), Jeremiah (2), Proverbs (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders Itbe repelled2×Psalms 40:14, Psalms 70:2
and they deserted1×Jeremiah 38:22
be driven back1×Psalms 35:4
be turned1×Psalms 129:5
have turned away1×Psalms 53:3
The backslider1×Proverbs 14:14
they are retreating1×Jeremiah 46:5
They turned back1×Psalms 78:57
those who turn back1×Zephaniah 1:6
turn away1×Psalms 80:18
turned1×Isaiah 50:5
turned back1×Psalms 44:18
will be turned1×Isaiah 42:17
Show sample aligned rows
Psalms 35:4יִסֹּ֣גוּtobe driven backVerb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralPsalms 40:14יִסֹּ֣גוּtobe repelledVerb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralPsalms 44:18נָס֣וֹגtoturned backVerb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singularPsalms 53:3סָג֮tohave turned awayVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularPsalms 70:2יִסֹּ֣גוּtobe repelledVerb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralPsalms 78:57וַיִּסֹּ֣גוּtoThey turned backConjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralPsalms 80:18נָס֥וֹגtoturn awayVerb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common pluralPsalms 129:5וְיִסֹּ֣גוּtobe turnedConjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine pluralProverbs 14:14ס֣וּגtoThe backsliderVerb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularIsaiah 42:17נָסֹ֤גוּtowill be turnedVerb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned rowPsalms 35:4
Aligned rows14
Books represented5
Psalms8Proverbs1Isaiah2Jeremiah2Zephaniah1
Source forms
יִסֹּ֣גוּ3xyis·sō·ḡūPsalms 35:4, Psalms 40:14, Psalms 70:2
הַנְּסוֹגִ֖ים1xhan·nə·sō·w·ḡîmZephaniah 1:6
וְיִסֹּ֣גוּ1xwə·yis·sō·ḡūPsalms 129:5
וַיִּסֹּ֣גוּ1xway·yis·sō·ḡūPsalms 78:57
נָסֹ֤גוּ1xnā·sō·ḡūIsaiah 42:17
נָסֹ֥גוּ1xnā·sō·ḡūJeremiah 38:22
נְסֹגִ֣ים1xnə·sō·ḡîmJeremiah 46:5
נָס֣וֹג1xnā·sō·wḡPsalms 44:18
Parsing patterns
Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural3xPsalms 35:4, Psalms 40:14, Psalms 70:2
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural2xIsaiah 42:17, Jeremiah 38:22
Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural1xZephaniah 1:6
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural1xPsalms 129:5
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural1xPsalms 78:57
Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural1xJeremiah 46:5
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singular1xIsaiah 50:5
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular1xPsalms 44:18
Evidence Summary
Hebrew word. Recoiling movement that ranges from physical retreat to spiritual apostasy; embodies turning away from covenant faithfulness.
Strong'sH5472
Lexical occurrences14 versesWord forms2 forms11 referencesVerse guides0 guides
Study linkProverbs 14:14Source Gloss
properly, to flinch , i.e. (by implication) to go back , literally (to retreat ) or figuratively (to apostatize )
Extended definitionSource: Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon + Brown-Driver-Briggs
Recoiling movement that ranges from physical retreat to spiritual apostasy; embodies turning away from covenant faithfulness.
properly, to flinch, i.e. (by implication) to go back, literally (to retreat) or figuratively (to apostatize) BDB: move away Usage: backslider, drive, go back, turn (away, back).
Grammatical Forms
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups2Aligned forms11
Niphalpassive or reflexive — the subject receives or experiences the action8×
PerfectIsa 42:17 · Jer 38:22 · Isa 50:5 · Ps 44:194×
ImperfectPs 35:4 · Ps 40:15 · Ps 70:33×
Participle activeJer 46:51×
Qalbasic active stem — the word in its most common, direct sense2×
PerfectPs 53:41×
ImperfectPs 80:191×
Selected Scripture Witness
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Biblical Witnesses
one who turns away or apostatizes from the right path
Showing 1 selected witness from 14 lexical occurrence verses.
Word Origins
סוּג is a primitive root - no further derivation.
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.