Hebrew · H5674, G3899 · unreviewed

עָבַר

To cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation) · to travel near

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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant

עָבַר H5674 to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation)
Pronunciation avar
Core sense of crossing/passing extends metaphorically to transgression, death, and divine judgment crossing boundaries.
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παραπορεύομαι G3899 to travel near
Pronunciation paraporeúomai
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What does עָבַר (avar) mean in the Bible?

עָבַר · παραπορεύομαι is a Hebrew word meaning "one who passes through or is incidentally involved".

Full entry for עָבַר (H5674, G3899) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

one who passes through or is incidentally involved
Grammatical Forms

How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.

Qal basic active stem — the word in its most common, direct sense 285×
Participle active 1Kgs 9:8 · 1Kgs 13:25 · 1Kgs 19:11 · 1Kgs 20:39 · 1Sam 14:8 · 1Sam 29:2 · 2Chr 7:21 · 2Chr 24:20 · 2Chr 30:10 · 2Kgs 4:9 · 2Kgs 6:26 · 2Kgs 6:30 · 2Kgs 12:5 · 2Sam 15:18 · 2Sam 15:23 · 2Sam 24:20 84×
Imperfect 2Sam 19:37 · 2Sam 19:39 · Amos 8:5 · Deut 3:28 · Deut 24:5 · Deut 30:13 · Esth 1:19 · Esth 9:27 · Exod 15:16 · Ezek 5:17 · Ezek 48:14 · Isa 26:20 · Isa 28:15 · Isa 28:18 · Isa 28:19 · Isa 31:9 80×
Perfect 1Kgs 22:24 · 2Chr 18:23 · 2Kgs 4:31 · 2Sam 16:1 · 2Sam 17:22 · 2Sam 17:24 · 2Sam 18:9 · 2Sam 19:40 · 2Sam 19:41 · 2Sam 20:13 · Gen 15:17 · Gen 32:32 · Gen 33:3 · Hab 3:10 · Isa 10:28 · Isa 28:15 79×
Sequential imperfect 1Sam 25:19 · Amos 6:2 · Exod 32:27 · Ezek 9:5 · Gen 32:17 · Isa 23:6 · Isa 62:10 · Jer 2:10 · Josh 1:11 · Josh 4:5 · Josh 6:7 · Josh 22:19 · 2Sam 19:34 · Exod 17:5 · Ezek 9:4 · Josh 1:2 21×
Cohortative 2Sam 16:9 · Deut 2:27 · Deut 2:28 · Deut 3:25 · Judg 11:17 · Num 20:19 · Num 21:22 · Judg 11:19 · Num 20:17
Infinitive construct Amos 7:8 · Amos 8:2 · Judg 11:20 · Num 20:21 · Num 21:23 · Num 22:26 · Prov 19:11
Jussive 2Sam 19:38 · Gen 33:14 · Gen 18:3 · Prov 4:15
Infinitive absolute 2Sam 17:16
Hiphil causative active — the subject causes someone else to perform the action 25×
Perfect 2Chr 33:6 · 2Kgs 16:3 · 2Sam 12:13 · Esth 8:2 · Gen 47:21 · Jer 46:17 · 2Sam 19:41 · Ezek 23:37 · Josh 7:7 · Zech 3:4 10×
Imperfect Exod 33:19 · Ezek 14:15 · Zech 13:2 · Lev 25:9 · Num 31:23 · Ezek 48:14
Sequential imperfect 1Chr 21:8 · 2Sam 24:10 · Ps 119:37 · Ps 119:39
Participle active 1Sam 2:24 · Dan 11:20 · Deut 18:10
Infinitive absolute Josh 7:7
Hithpael reflexive or reciprocal — the subject acts on itself or mutually with others
Participle active Prov 14:16 · Prov 26:17
Perfect Ps 78:62 · Ps 89:39
Niphal passive or reflexive — the subject receives or experiences the action
Imperfect Ezek 47:5
Piel intensive active — emphasizes thoroughness or repeated action
Perfect Job 21:10
Hebrew Verb Forms

How this verb appears across 316 occurrences in the Hebrew OT (OSHB Leningrad Codex).

Aspect / Form
Perfect 92 Imperfect 92 Participle 89 Imperative 25 Cohortative 9 Infinitive construct 7 Infinitive absolute 2
Stem
Qal 285 Hiphil 25 Hithpael 4 Niphal 1 Piel 1
Mood
Indicative 92 Indicative/jussive 72 Imperative 25 Indicative/cohortative 16 Jussive 4
OT Occurrences
Gen 15:17 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Gen 18:3 Qal · Imperfect · Jussive Gen 18:5 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Gen 18:5 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Gen 23:16 Qal · Participle Gen 30:32 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/cohortative Gen 31:52 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/cohortative Gen 31:52 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Gen 32:11 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Gen 32:17 Qal · Imperative · Imperative Gen 32:32 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Gen 33:3 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Gen 33:14 Qal · Imperfect · Jussive Gen 47:21 Hiphil · Perfect · Indicative Exod 15:16 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Exod 15:16 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Exod 17:5 Qal · Imperative · Imperative Exod 32:27 Qal · Imperative · Imperative Exod 33:19 Hiphil · Imperfect · Indicative/cohortative Lev 25:9 Hiphil · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Lev 26:6 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Lev 27:32 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Num 5:14 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Num 5:30 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Num 6:5 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Num 13:32 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Num 14:7 Qal · Perfect · Indicative Num 14:41 Qal · Participle Num 20:17 Qal · Cohortative Num 20:17 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/cohortative Num 20:17 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/cohortative Num 20:18 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Num 20:19 Qal · Cohortative Num 20:20 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Num 20:21 Qal · Infinitive construct Num 21:22 Qal · Cohortative Num 21:22 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/cohortative Num 21:23 Qal · Infinitive construct Num 22:26 Qal · Infinitive construct Num 31:23 Hiphil · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive +276 more occurrences

Aspect in Hebrew reflects grammatical form, not tense. "Perfect" (Perfective) typically denotes completed action; "Imperfect" (Imperfective) denotes incomplete or ongoing action. Stem modifies the action type (Qal=simple, Niphal=passive, Piel=intensive, etc.).

Morphology: OSHB WLC (Open Scriptures, CC BY 4.0) · STEPBible TEHMC (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0)

Sources