Greek Form Guide

σύνδουλός (sundoulos) in Revelation 22:9: Noun Nominative Singular Masculine

σύνδουλός (sundoulos) in Revelation 22:9

Textual Witness

σύνδουλός sundoulos Noun Nominative Singular Masculine

The Textus Receptus reading in Revelation 22:9 has σύνδουλός σου γάρ εἰμι within a direct refusal of worship and a call to worship God.

How The Form Affects Interpretation

The form helps the reader hear a status statement, not a command, and it supports the verse's correction of worship directed to the messenger.

How To Communicate It

For readers, the grammar clarifies that the speaker identifies himself as sharing the servant role, so the focus stays on God as the proper recipient of worship.

What Not To Say

  • Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
  • Masculine grammatical gender here is descriptive and should not be treated as a theological gender claim.
  • If syntax is uncertain, keep the interpretation conservative and let the immediate clause and verse govern the reading.

What Does The Label Mean?

Part of Speech

Noun: the word names a person in relation to others, here a fellow servant or co-worker in the scene.

Case

Nominative: the form usually marks a subject or a predicate role, and here it can present a shared identity in the statement.

Number

Singular: the form is grammatically singular in this occurrence, so it points to one speaker in relation to one addressee.

Gender

Masculine: the noun belongs to the masculine grammatical class, which here describes the form and does not by itself make a theological claim about gender.

What The Form Does In This Verse

Attached To

σύνδουλός σου γάρ εἰμι

Governed By

The nominative form is tied to the clause with εἰμι and presents the speaker's identity in relation to the addressee. It functions naturally with the verb of being rather than as an independent label.

Role In The Phrase

It identifies the speaker as a fellow servant of the one addressed and supports the appeal not to worship the messenger. The grammar helps state shared status and humility in the sentence.

What It Is Not Doing

It does not, by itself, name a separate action, and it does not turn the word into a different lemma or create a stronger claim than the context supports. It should not be read as overriding the surrounding command to worship God.

How Much The Form Matters Here

Interpretive Weight

High: The nominative noun states the messenger's shared servant identity in the correction against worshiping him.

Syntax Profile

Predicate nominative with I am. identifies the speaker as a fellow servant rather than the object of worship. Attached to σύνδουλός σου γάρ εἰμι. Governed by εἰμι. The form states shared status; the command to worship God governs the theological point.

Reader Question

How does the messenger identify himself? The noun identifies him as a fellow servant.

Translation Effect

Direct: The predicate nominative directly supports rendering I am your fellow servant.

Where Caution Is Needed

The status noun supports humility in the scene but should not be detached from the command to worship God.

Fallacies To Avoid

Status noun replaces the command: The noun states the speaker's servant status; the verse's command directs worship to God.

How The Interpretation Is Derived

Textual Witness

The Textus Receptus reading in Revelation 22:9 has σύνδουλός σου γάρ εἰμι within a direct refusal of worship and a call to worship God.

Lexical Identity

The lemma σύνδουλος means fellow servant or fellow slave, and the form here keeps that basic identity in view without changing the lemma's meaning.

Grammar In Context

Because the noun stands with εἰμι, it contributes a predicative identity statement: the speaker places himself alongside the addressee and the other servants mentioned in the verse. The case form serves the sentence's self-description.

Passage Meaning

The verse uses the term to lower the messenger's status relative to God and to place him among servants, including the prophets and those who keep the book's words.

Canonical Fit

Within the verse, the term fits a repeated pattern of servant language that supports reverence toward God rather than toward the messenger.

Communication Use

In translation and teaching, the form can be rendered as fellow servant or co-servant, with attention to the speaker's shared service and the verse's warning against misdirected worship.

Do Not Derive

Do not derive deity, rank, or gender theology from the noun form alone, and do not press nominative case beyond what the clause and context show.