Hebrew Form Guide

וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ (way·mō·ṯə·ṯê·hū) in 1 Samuel 17:51: Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular

וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ (way·mō·ṯə·ṯê·hū) in 1 Samuel 17:51

Source Word

וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּway·mō·ṯə·ṯê·hūConjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular

First Samuel 17:51 row 11 aligns the selected H4191 form with and killed him after David draws the Philistine's sword.

How The Form Affects Interpretation

And killed him makes David the explicit agent and the Philistine the suffix-marked object at the decisive point of the battle sequence. Killed expresses the causative sense appropriate to H4191 in this Piel occurrence, and him renders the attached third-person masculine singular object.

How To Communicate It

Diagram the narrative chain from the fallen champion to sword, killing, beheading, and flight, then distinguish grammatical causation from moral application.

What Not To Say

  • Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
  • Do not use the Piel causative or David's victory as automatic moral authorization for violence in another setting.
  • The suffix refers to the Philistine named in the surrounding sentence.
  • The form does not itself settle every chronological question in the scene or turn this narrated victory into general permission for violence.

What Does The Label Mean?

Profile

Hebrew-verb

Part of Speech

Verb

Form Label

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular

Stem

Piel

Aspect

ConsecImperf

Person

Third

Gender

Masculine

Number

Singular

State

Not applicable

Attached Prefixes

Waw conjunction

Suffix

Third person masculine singular

Aspect Note

The waw-linked Piel consecutive imperfect advances the narrated action with David as the masculine singular agent, while the attached masculine singular suffix marks the Philistine as the one killed.

Verse Role

The causative verb reports David bringing about the Philistine's death and fixes the agent-object relation before the narrator mentions the beheading.

What The Form Does In This Verse

Attached To

David's taking of the Philistine's own sword after standing over the fallen warrior

Governed By

The battle narrative's sequence from sling strike to sword, death, beheading, and the Philistine army's flight

Role In The Phrase

The causative verb reports David bringing about the Philistine's death and fixes the agent-object relation before the narrator mentions the beheading.

What It Is Not Doing

The form does not itself settle every chronological question in the scene or turn this narrated victory into general permission for violence.

How Much The Form Matters Here

Interpretive Weight

High: The form marks the decisive agent and object in the action that ends the champion's threat and triggers the enemy's flight.

Syntax Profile

The waw-linked Piel consecutive imperfect advances the narrated action with David as the masculine singular agent, while the attached masculine singular suffix marks the Philistine as the one killed.. The causative verb reports David bringing about the Philistine's death and fixes the agent-object relation before the narrator mentions the beheading.. Attached to David's taking of the Philistine's own sword after standing over the fallen warrior. Governed by the battle narrative's sequence from sling strike to sword, death, beheading, and the Philistine army's flight. The form does not itself settle every chronological question in the scene or turn this narrated victory into general permission for violence.

Reader Question

What participant roles does and killed him mark in First Samuel 17:51? David is the agent who causes the Philistine's death, and the attached suffix identifies the Philistine as the object.

Translation Effect

Direct: Killed expresses the causative sense appropriate to H4191 in this Piel occurrence, and him renders the attached third-person masculine singular object.

Where Caution Is Needed

The suffix refers to the Philistine named in the surrounding sentence. The narrative reports both killing and beheading; the morphology alone does not adjudicate questions imported from outside the verse.

Fallacies To Avoid

Conj-w | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms | 3ms at 1 Samuel 17:51 treated as the whole interpretation: Do not use the Piel causative or David's victory as automatic moral authorization for violence in another setting. David's killing of Goliath treated as a free-standing model for personal violence: Keep "and killed him" connected to וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ, row 11, and the full 1 Samuel 17:51 clause.

How The Interpretation Is Derived

Textual Witness

First Samuel 17:51 row 11 aligns the selected H4191 form with and killed him after David draws the Philistine's sword.

Lexical Identity

The row 11 witness uses the die lemma causatively for killing the Philistine, distinguishing it from Jonah's wish to die in the Qal infinitive.

Grammar In Context

The waw-linked Piel consecutive imperfect advances the narrated action with David as the masculine singular agent, while the attached masculine singular suffix marks the Philistine as the one killed.

Passage Meaning

First Samuel 17:51 closes Goliath's defeat by reporting David's use of the Philistine's sword, the confirmed death, and the enemy army's collapse in fear.

Canonical Fit

This killing belongs to Israel's narrated conflict with the defiant champion; ethical or theological claims about violence require the whole episode and wider canon, not the Piel stem alone.

Communication Use

Diagram the narrative chain from the fallen champion to sword, killing, beheading, and flight, then distinguish grammatical causation from moral application.

Do Not Derive

Do not use the Piel causative or David's victory as automatic moral authorization for violence in another setting.