Focused Passage

Judges 1:27-33

Incomplete Conquest and the Seeds of Covenant Decline

From inquiry and victory to repetition of failure: Israel begins dependent on the LORD, Judah leads with notable successes, but the chapter widens into a tribal inventory of incomplete obedience, forced labor, coexistence, and territorial pressure.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

27At that time Manasseh failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean, Taanach, Dor, Ibleam, Megiddo, and their villages; for the Canaanites were determined to dwell in that land.

28When Israel became stronger, they pressed the Canaanites into forced labor, but they never drove them out completely.

29Ephraim also failed to drive out the Canaanites living in Gezer; so the Canaanites continued to dwell among them in Gezer.

30Zebulun failed to drive out the inhabitants of Kitron and Nahalol; so the Canaanites lived among them and served as forced laborers.

31Asher failed to drive out the inhabitants of Acco, Sidon, Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphik, and Rehob.

32So the Asherites lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, because they did not drive them out.

33Naphtali failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath. So the Naphtalites also lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, but the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath served them as forced laborers.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 27

Cross-references

1 Chronicles 4:10Classic cross-references 2 Kings 9:27Classic cross-references Joshua 11:2Classic cross-references Judges 5:19Classic cross-references Jeremiah 48:10Classic cross-references

Original words

At that time Manassehמְנַשֶּׁ֗הH4519Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerfailedוְלֹא־H3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particleto drive out the inhabitantsהוֹרִ֣ישׁH3423Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singularvvvבֵּית־H1052Prepositionof Beth-sheanשְׁאָ֣ןH1052Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-בְּנוֹתֶיהָ֮H1323Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerTaanachתַּעְנַ֣ךְH8590Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-בְּנֹתֶיהָ֒H1323Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-יֹשֵׁבH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructDorד֜וֹרH1756Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-בְּנוֹתֶ֗יהָH1323Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-יוֹשְׁבֵ֤יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructIbleamיִבְלְעָם֙H2991Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-בְּנֹתֶ֔יהָH1323Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-יוֹשְׁבֵ֥יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructMegiddoמְגִדּ֖וֹH4023Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand their villagesבְּנוֹתֶ֑יהָH1323Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singularfor the Canaanitesהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔יH3669Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularwere determinedוַיּ֙וֹאֶל֙H2974Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto dwellלָשֶׁ֖בֶתH3427Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructin thatהַזֹּֽאת׃H2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularlandבָּאָ֥רֶץH776Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular

Verse 28

Cross-references

Genesis 9:25Classic cross-references

Original words

-וַֽיְהִי֙H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularWhenכִּֽי־H3588ConjunctionIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularbecame strongerחָזַ֣קH2388Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularthey pressedוַיָּ֥שֶׂםH7760Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe Canaanitesהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖יH3669Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularinto forced laborלָמַ֑סH4522Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularbut they neverלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particledrove them outוְהוֹרֵ֖ישׁH3423Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolutecompletelyהוֹרִישֽׁוֹ׃סH3423Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular

Verse 29

Cross-references

Joshua 16:10Classic cross-references 1 Kings 9:16Classic cross-references Joshua 10:33Classic cross-references 1 Kings 9:15Classic cross-references 1 Samuel 27:8Classic cross-references

Original words

Ephraimוְאֶפְרַ֙יִם֙H669Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularalso failedלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particleto drive outהוֹרִ֔ישׁH3423Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe Canaanitesהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖יH3669Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularlivingהַיּוֹשֵׁ֣בH3427Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularin Gezerבְּגָ֑זֶרH1507Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singularso the Canaanitesהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֛יH3669Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularcontinued to dwellוַיֵּ֧שֶׁבH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularamong themבְּקִרְבּ֖וֹH7130Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularin Gezerבְּגָֽזֶר׃פH1507Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular

Verse 30

Cross-references

Joshua 19:15Classic cross-references

Original words

Zebulunזְבוּלֻ֗ןH2074Noun - proper - masculine singularfailedלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particleto drive outהוֹרִישׁ֙H3423Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe inhabitantsיוֹשְׁבֵ֣יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructof Kitronקִטְר֔וֹןH7003Noun - proper - feminine singular[and]וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-יוֹשְׁבֵ֖יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructNahalolנַהֲלֹ֑לH5096Noun - proper - feminine singularso the Canaanitesהַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙H3669Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularlivedוַיֵּ֤שֶׁבH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularamong themבְּקִרְבּ֔וֹH7130Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand servedוַיִּֽהְי֖וּH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralas forced laborersלָמַֽס׃סH4522Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

Verse 31

Cross-references

Joshua 19:24Classic cross-references Joshua 19:28Classic cross-references Joshua 19:29Classic cross-references

Original words

Asherאָשֵׁ֗רH836Noun - proper - masculine singularfailedלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particleto drive outהוֹרִישׁ֙H3423Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe inhabitantsיֹשְׁבֵ֣יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructof Accoעַכּ֔וֹH5910Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-יוֹשְׁבֵ֖יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructSidonצִיד֑וֹןH6721Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerAhlabאַחְלָ֤בH303Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerAchzibאַכְזִיב֙H392Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerHelbahחֶלְבָּ֔הH2462Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerAphikאֲפִ֖יקH663Noun - proper - feminine singularandוְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerRehobרְחֹֽב׃H7340Noun - proper - feminine singular

Verse 32

Original words

So the Asheritesהָאָ֣שֵׁרִ֔יH843Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularlivedוַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙H3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularamongבְּקֶ֥רֶבH7130Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe Canaaniteהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖יH3669Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularinhabitantsיֹשְׁבֵ֣יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructof the landהָאָ֑רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularbecauseכִּ֖יH3588Conjunctionthey did notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particledrive them outהוֹרִישֽׁוֹ׃סH3423Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular

Verse 33

Cross-references

Joshua 19:32Classic cross-references Psalms 18:24Classic cross-references

Original words

Naphtaliנַפְתָּלִ֗יH5321Noun - proper - masculine singularfailedלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particleto drive outהוֹרִ֞ישׁH3423Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe inhabitantsיֹשְׁבֵ֤יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructvvvבֵֽית־H1053Prepositionof Beth-shemeshשֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙H1053Noun - proper - feminine singularandוְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-יֹשְׁבֵ֣יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructvvvבֵית־H1043PrepositionBeth-anathעֲנָ֔תH1043Noun - proper - feminine singularSo [the Naphtalites] also livedוַיֵּ֕שֶׁבH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularamongבְּקֶ֥רֶבH7130Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe Canaaniteהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖יH3669Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularinhabitantsיֹשְׁבֵ֣יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructof the landהָאָ֑רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularbut the inhabitantsוְיֹשְׁבֵ֤יH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructvvvבֵֽית־H1053Prepositionof Beth-shemeshשֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙H1053Noun - proper - feminine singularvvvוּבֵ֣יתH1043and Beth-anathעֲנָ֔תH1043Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singularservedהָי֥וּH1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralthemלָהֶ֖םPreposition | third person masculine pluralas forced laborersלָמַֽס׃סH4522Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

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