Ἐδόθη (Edothe) in Matthew 28:18: Verb Third Person Singular Aorist Passive Indicative

Verb: the form names an action or state and functions as a finite verbal form in its clause.

Aorist: commonly views the action as a whole event. It should not be treated as automatically punctiliar or automatically past in every context.

Passive: presents the subject, all authority, as received or granted rather than self-seized.

Indicative: presents the verbal idea as an assertion in the clause.

Third person: the form speaks about the grammatical subject rather than directly addressing the hearers.

Not applicable: this finite verb form is not using noun case to mark its clause role.

Singular: the verb agrees with the singular subject ἐξουσία.

Not applicable: this finite verb form does not use grammatical gender.

πᾶσα ἐξουσία

The verb is the finite predicate of Jesus' authority statement before the commission.

It states that all authority has been given to Jesus, grounding the command that follows.

It does not name the giver explicitly in the form itself, and it does not reduce Jesus' authority to a temporary assignment.

High: The verb grounds the Great Commission in Jesus' stated authority.

Passive predicate of the authority statement. states that all authority has been given to Jesus. Attached to πᾶσα ἐξουσία. Governed by Jesus' direct speech in Matthew 28:18. The predicate should be read with the following command rather than as an isolated theological slogan.

What has been given to Jesus? All authority has been given to him.

Direct: The form directly supports a passive rendering such as "has been given."

The passive form does not name the giver by itself, so larger theological claims should be made from the passage and canon.

Passive voice proves a full doctrine by itself: The form states received authority in this clause; doctrine must be built from the whole passage and canon.

The witness reads Ἐδόθη in Matthew 28:18 before μοι πᾶσα ἐξουσία.

The lemma δίδωμι means to give, offer, or grant, so the form presents authority as given to Jesus.

The passive indicative joins the subject πᾶσα ἐξουσία with μοι, making Jesus the receiver of the stated authority.

Jesus grounds the Great Commission in the authority given to him in heaven and on earth.

The form fits Matthew's portrayal of the risen Jesus as the authoritative Son whose command sends disciples to the nations.

In teaching, explain that the passive form points to authority being granted to Jesus in the clause, while the broader passage supplies the mission consequence.

Do not use the passive voice alone to settle every question about divine agency or Christology apart from the verse and the wider canon.