ἐδόθη, (edothe) in John 1:17: Verb Third Person Singular Aorist Passive Indicative

Verb: the word names an action or event, here the giving of the law in the clause.

Aorist: commonly views the action as a whole event. It should not be treated as automatically punctiliar or automatically past in every context.

Passive: presents the subject as receiving or being affected by the action.

Indicative: presents the verbal idea as an assertion or statement in the clause.

Third person: the form speaks about someone or something rather than directly as I/we or you.

Not applicable: this verb form is not using noun case to mark its sentence role.

Singular: the form is singular because it agrees with the single implied subject, ὁ νόμος, in this clause.

Not applicable: this verb form does not use grammatical gender to make its point.

ὁ νόμος

The verb is the main predicate of the first clause and reports what happened to the law, namely that it was given through Moses.

It states the event for the clause and supports the contrast that follows between what was given through Moses and what came through Jesus Christ.

It does not by itself identify the giver, and it does not turn the law into a different entity or add a hidden object beyond the context.

High: The passive verb states that the law was given through Moses, forming the first half of John 1:17's contrast.

Third-person singular aorist passive indicative. reports the giving of the law through Moses. Attached to the law as the subject of the clause. Governed by the clause contrasting Moses with Jesus Christ. The passive form reports the law as given; the agent or means is supplied by the through-Moses phrase.

What does John say happened to the law? The law was given through Moses.

Direct: The form directly supports the rendering "was given."

The passive voice does not by itself identify every theological implication of giver and means. The aorist reports the giving as a whole event but should not be made a once-for-all theory by itself. The contrast with grace and truth comes from the full verse.

Passive voice hides or denies divine agency: The passive reports the law as given; the verse names Moses as the mediating means and context governs agency. aorist means once-for-all in every theological sense: The aorist presents the giving as a whole report and should not be overextended.

The witness reads ἐδόθη in John 1:17 within the statement, ὁ νόμος διὰ Μωσέως ἐδόθη.

The lemma is δίδωμι, which in this context means to give or to bestow.

The passive form fits a clause where the law is the thing spoken of as having been given, while διὰ Μωσέως names the means or agent in view.

The sentence says that the law came through Moses, while grace and truth came through Jesus Christ, so the verb helps frame the contrast but does not create it alone.

This use aligns with the wider biblical pattern in which giving language can describe the reception or delivery of divine provision through appointed means.

For readers and teachers, the form supports a straightforward past event reading and helps the clause sound reportive rather than speculative.

Do not derive a separate theological claim from passive voice alone, and do not use the form to override the clause's stated contrast and agents.