ἑκάστῳ (ekasto) in Revelation 22:12: Adjective Dative Singular Masculine
ἑκάστῳ (ekasto) in Revelation 22:12
Textual Witness
In the provided textus receptus witness of Revelation 22:12, ἑκάστῳ stands in the clause about coming quickly and rendering reward.
How The Form Affects Interpretation
The form helps the reader hear the promise as individualized and just: the coming Lord renders to each person according to what that person has done.
How To Communicate It
For communication, this supports wording that emphasizes personal reception and measured repayment, such as to each one or each person.
What Not To Say
- Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
- Do not turn masculine gender into a theological gender claim.
- Do not overread the dative beyond the local sense of recipient or beneficiary.
What Does The Label Mean?
Adjective: the word qualifies a noun or implied noun, here expressing distribution to individuals rather than naming a thing by itself.
Dative: the form usually marks the indirect object or beneficiary, and here it points to the person who receives what is being given.
Singular: the form is grammatically singular in this occurrence, focusing on one recipient at a time within a distributive sense.
Masculine: the form belongs to the masculine grammatical class, which by itself does not make a theological claim about gender.
What The Form Does In This Verse
ἀποδοῦναι
The infinitive of giving back or rendering frames the phrase, and ἑκάστῳ names the individual recipient of that action.
It functions as the beneficiary or indirect object, showing that the reward is rendered to each person individually.
It does not describe the reward itself, and it does not by itself specify the person's moral status or identity.
How Much The Form Matters Here
High: The dative distributive adjective affects how Revelation 22:12 presents the coming reward as rendered to each person.
Dative singular distributive adjective. recipient or beneficiary of the rendered reward. Attached to the infinitive of rendering or giving back in Revelation 22:12. Governed by the reward statement that says the Lord will render according to each person's work. The form helps the reader see individual distribution; the wider clause supplies the moral basis of the rendering.
Who receives what is rendered in the verse? The form points to each person as the recipient, so the reward is not vague or merely collective.
Direct: The dative distributive form directly supports wording such as "to each one" or "to each person."
The dative can mark several relations, but this clause uses it naturally for recipient or beneficiary. The masculine singular form is grammatical agreement and should not be turned into a gendered doctrinal claim.
Dative always means the same syntactic relation: Dative case marks relation; the clause decides whether recipient, sphere, means, or another relation is in view. singular form proves isolated individualism: The singular supports distributive focus here, but the judgment setting and the whole sentence carry the theology.
How The Interpretation Is Derived
In the provided textus receptus witness of Revelation 22:12, ἑκάστῳ stands in the clause about coming quickly and rendering reward.
The lexeme ἕκαστος means each or every one, so the form naturally points to individual recipients.
Its dative singular form fits the act of rendering a reward to someone, and the surrounding phrase ὡς τὸ ἔργον αὐτοῦ ἔσται keeps the focus on personal accountability.
The verse presents a coming and a repayment that is distributed to each person in keeping with that person's work.
This aligns with the broader biblical pattern that divine action is personal, just, and responsive to deeds without reducing judgment to a mere abstraction.
In teaching or translation, the form can be rendered plainly as each one or to each person, making the distributive force clear.
Do not derive from the case or gender any claim beyond individual distribution, and do not make the morphology override the sentence's own meaning.