παντὶ (panti) in Revelation 22:18: Adjective Dative Singular Masculine
παντὶ (panti) in Revelation 22:18
Textual Witness
The witness reads παντὶ in a textus-receptus form within the address, so the form clearly belongs to the hearing addressee in the sentence.
How The Form Affects Interpretation
The form broadens the warning to each hearer, so the verse sounds personal, inclusive, and immediate rather than aimed at only a narrow subgroup.
How To Communicate It
Translate the phrase in a way that preserves the distributive force, such as to everyone who hears, while keeping the focus on the warning itself.
What Not To Say
- Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
- Masculine agreement here is grammatical, not a gendered theological claim.
- If syntax is uncertain, state the conservative relational role rather than over-precise parsing.
What Does The Label Mean?
Adjective: the word describes or quantifies a following noun or participle rather than naming one by itself.
Dative: the form here normally points to an indirect or attendant relation, and in context it modifies the person being addressed.
Singular: the form is grammatically singular in this occurrence, matching one grouped addressee in the sentence.
Masculine: the form is in the masculine grammatical class, which here follows the agreement of the participial phrase and does not by itself make a gender claim.
What The Form Does In This Verse
ἀκούοντι
The adjective agrees with the dative singular participle ἀκούοντι and helps identify the class of hearer being addressed.
It functions as a broad qualifier, meaning every or any one who is hearing these words, within the warning statement.
It does not mark a separate subject or object, and it does not by itself specify a theological category or a change in meaning.
How Much The Form Matters Here
High: The adjective broadens the warning to every hearer of the prophecy's words.
Adjective dative singular masculine. qualifies the hearer distributively as every or each one. Attached to the hearing person in Revelation 22:18. Governed by the dative participial phrase that receives the warning. The adjective widens address without becoming the subject of the sentence.
How wide is the warning's address? It is directed to every hearer of the words of the prophecy.
Direct: The adjective directly supports everyone or every one who hears.
Masculine agreement is grammatical and should not restrict the warning to males. Dative form belongs with the hearer phrase. The warning's content comes from the conditional clauses that follow.
Masculine form limits the audience to men: The masculine form agrees with the grammar of the hearer phrase and does not restrict the warning to males. every proves a universal doctrine apart from context: The adjective broadens the addressed hearer group in this warning; context governs the claim.
How The Interpretation Is Derived
The witness reads παντὶ in a textus-receptus form within the address, so the form clearly belongs to the hearing addressee in the sentence.
The lemma πᾶς commonly carries the sense of all, every, or the whole, and here it contributes a distributive idea about the audience.
The dative singular agreement with ἀκούοντι ties the word to the listener phrase, so the warning reaches each hearer rather than a vague group in general.
The verse presents a direct warning to anyone hearing the prophecy of this book, preparing the reader for the conditional threat that follows.
Within Revelation, such wording fits the book's repeated concern that its message be received carefully and not altered.
In communication, the form can be rendered as every or any one who hears, keeping the warning personal and inclusive without overdefining it.
Do not derive a special theological status from the masculine form, and do not make the grammar do more than identify the hearer scope.