ἔπεμψα (epempsa) in Revelation 22:16: Verb First Person Singular Aorist Active Indicative

Verb: the form names an action or event, here the act of sending.

Aorist: commonly views the action as a whole event. It should not be treated as automatically punctiliar or automatically past in every context.

Active: presents the subject as doing or carrying the action.

Indicative: presents the verbal idea as an assertion or statement in the clause.

First person: the speaker or speakers are grammatically involved in the verbal form.

Not applicable: this verb form is not using noun case to mark its sentence role.

Singular: the verb is marked for one speaker, matching the first person singular subject in the sentence.

Not applicable: this verb form does not use grammatical gender to make its point.

Ἐγὼ Ἰησοῦς

The verb is governed by the explicit first person subject, so it presents Jesus as the sender in this statement.

It states the central action of the clause, that Jesus sent his angel to testify these things to the churches.

It does not by itself identify the angel's content, the time of the sending, or any broader theology beyond the stated act.

High: The first-person verb presents Jesus as the sender of his angel to testify these things to the churches.

First-person singular aorist active indicative sending verb. states Jesus action of sending his angel for testimony. Attached to Jesus explicit first-person subject and his angel as the object sent. Governed by the self-identifying statement, I Jesus. The verb identifies the sender action; the purpose and recipients are supplied by the surrounding phrases.

Who sends the angel in this statement? The first-person singular verb presents Jesus as the sender.

Direct: The first-person aorist directly supports English wording such as "I sent."

The form identifies the sender action, but the angel testimony and church audience come from the rest of the clause.

Aorist sending verb settles every timing question: The aorist reports the sending; timing and purpose should be read from the statement and context.

The witness reads ἔπεμψα in Revelation 22:16, within the phrase Ἐγὼ Ἰησοῦς ἔπεμψα τὸν ἄγγελόν μου.

The lemma πέμπω means to send, and this form is a first person singular aorist active indicative instance of that verb.

The grammar supports a direct personal claim by Jesus that he sent his messenger, and the surrounding words specify the messenger and purpose.

In context, the sentence communicates that Jesus has sent his angel to bear testimony of these things to the churches.

This fits the book's wider pattern of mediated revelation and testimony without requiring the verb form to add details not stated here.

For readers or hearers, the form gives the line force and clarity: Jesus himself is speaking as the sender, and the message is presented as commissioned testimony.

Do not derive gendered meaning from the verb, and do not use the aorist form to claim more than the text states about timing, duration, or sequence.