What does γινώσκω · εἴδω mean in the Bible?
".
Greek · G1097, G1492
γινώσκω / οἶδα
To know · to perceive: see
Reading a lexicon entry
What this page is: Each lexicon entry shows the original Hebrew or Greek word behind the English translation: its meaning, its range of use, and where it appears in Scripture.
Strong's number: The Strong's code (H- or G-) is the standard reference number for this word. It connects this entry to chapter and passage language tabs.
Where it appears: The witness passages show where this word is used in context. Click any to open the study page for that passage.
This lexicon entry is part of our ongoing editorial review. If you notice missing content, unclear wording, or a possible correction, please send us a note through the Connect page. Screenshots are helpful.
Words in this compound — expand to study each participant
γινώσκω G1097 to know
Pronunciation ginṓskō
Know through experience and observation, distinct from οἶδα which is reflective knowing based on intuition or information
Open lexicon entry →
εἴδω G1492 to perceive: see
Pronunciation eídō
Knowledge gained through direct perception or experience, distinct from intellectual understanding.
Open lexicon entry →
What does γινώσκω / οἶδα (ginōskō / oida) mean in the Bible?
γινώσκω · εἴδω is a Greek phrase meaning "Know; relational knowledge between shepherd and sheep, patterned after Father and Son.".
Full entry for γινώσκω / οἶδα (G1097, G1492) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How many biblical occurrences are listed for G1097, G1492?
G1097, G1492 is connected to 221 lexical occurrence verses in the lexicon data.
Evidence Summary
Greek phrase. Know; relational knowledge between shepherd and sheep, patterned after Father and Son.
Source Gloss
Know; relational knowledge between shepherd and sheep, patterned after Father and Son.
Grammatical Forms
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 5 Aligned forms 221 Tenses Aorist, Present, Perfect, Future, Imperfect, Pluperfect Voices Active, Middle, Passive
Tenses
Voices
Indicative states a fact or reality 140×
Present Active Matt 16:3 · Matt 24:32 · Matt 24:33 · Mark 13:28 · Luke 21:30 · John 8:43 · John 13:12 · John 14:7 · John 14:17 · John 15:18 · Acts 20:34 · 2 Cor 8:9 · Phil 2:22 · Heb 13:23 · 1 John 2:29 · 1 John 4:2 52×
Aorist Active Matt 21:45 · Matt 24:39 · Mark 12:12 · Luke 2:43 · Luke 20:19 · John 7:26 · John 8:27 · John 10:6 · John 12:16 · John 16:3 · John 17:8 · John 17:25 · Acts 17:13 · Rom 3:17 · 1 Cor 2:8 · Heb 3:10 42×
Perfect Active John 6:69 · John 8:52 · 2 Cor 5:16 · 1 John 2:3 · 1 John 3:16 · 1 John 4:16 · John 8:55 · 1 John 2:13 · 1 John 2:14 · 1 Cor 2:8 · 1 Cor 2:11 · 1 John 3:6 · John 5:42 · 1 John 2:4 · John 14:9 · John 17:7 17×
Future Middle Mark 4:13 · John 8:28 · John 8:32 · John 14:20 · 2 Cor 13:6 · John 13:35 · Acts 21:24 · Rev 2:23 · Luke 1:18 · 1 Cor 4:19 · John 7:17 · John 13:7 · 1 John 3:19 13×
Imperfect Active Matt 1:25 · Mark 15:10 · Luke 7:39 · John 2:25 · Luke 18:34 5×
Future Passive Matt 10:26 · Luke 12:2 · 1 Cor 14:7 · 1 Cor 14:9 4×
Pluperfect Active Matt 12:7 · John 14:7 2×
Present Passive Matt 12:33 · Luke 6:44 2×
Aorist Passive Luke 24:35 · Acts 9:24 2×
Perfect Passive 1 Cor 8:3 1×
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 18×
Aorist Active Matt 13:11 · Mark 7:24 · Luke 8:10 · Acts 1:7 · Acts 17:19 · Acts 17:20 · Acts 21:34 · Acts 22:14 · Acts 22:30 · 1 Cor 2:14 · 1 Cor 8:2 · Eph 3:19 · Phil 3:10 · 1 Thess 3:5 · Jas 2:20 15×
Present Active John 2:24 · Phil 1:12 2×
Perfect Active 1 Cor 8:2 1×
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 30×
Aorist Active Matt 12:15 · Matt 16:8 · Matt 22:18 · Matt 26:10 · Mark 8:17 · Mark 15:45 · Luke 12:47 · Luke 12:48 · John 5:6 · John 6:15 · Acts 23:6 · Phil 2:19 · Mark 6:38 · Luke 9:11 · Rom 1:21 · Gal 2:9 18×
Present Active Rom 6:6 · Eph 5:5 · Heb 10:34 · Jas 1:3 · 2 Pet 1:20 · 2 Pet 3:3 · John 7:49 · 1 John 4:6 · Rom 7:1 9×
Present Passive 2 Cor 3:2 1×
Aorist Passive Gal 4:9 1×
Perfect Active 2 John 1:1 1×
Imperative command or strong request 14×
Present Active Matt 24:43 · Mark 13:29 · Luke 10:11 · Luke 12:39 · Luke 21:31 · Gal 3:7 · Matt 9:30 · Acts 2:36 · Jas 5:20 · 2 Tim 3:1 10×
Aorist Active Matt 6:3 · Luke 21:20 · Heb 8:11 3×
Aorist Passive Phil 4:5 1×
Subjunctive possibility, probability, or purpose 19×
Aorist Active Mark 5:43 · Mark 9:30 · Luke 19:15 · John 7:51 · John 11:57 · John 14:31 · John 10:38 · John 19:4 · 2 Cor 2:4 · Eph 6:22 · Col 4:8 · 2 Cor 2:9 · Rev 3:3 · Rev 3:9 14×
Present Active John 10:38 · John 17:3 · John 17:23 · 1 John 5:20 4×
Aorist Passive Luke 8:17 1×
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 291 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
perfect 256 pluperfect 34 future 1
Voice
active 291
Mood
indicative 241 participle 29 infinitive 11 subjunctive 10
NT Occurrences
Matthew 6:32 οἶδεν perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 6:8 οἶδεν perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 7:11 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 9:4 εἰδὼς perfect active participle participle Matthew 9:6 εἰδῆτε perfect active subjunctive subjunctive Matthew 15:12 Οἶδας perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 20:22 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 20:25 Οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 21:27 οἴδαμεν perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 22:16 οἴδαμεν perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 22:29 εἰδότες perfect active participle participle Matthew 24:36 οἶδεν perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 24:42 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 24:43 ᾔδει pluperfect active indicative resultant Matthew 25:12 οἶδα perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 25:13 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 25:26 ᾔδεις pluperfect active indicative resultant Matthew 26:2 Οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 26:70 οἶδα perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 26:72 οἶδα perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 26:74 οἶδα perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 27:18 ᾔδει pluperfect active indicative resultant Matthew 27:65 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Matthew 28:5 οἶδα perfect active indicative resultant Mark 1:24 οἶδά perfect active indicative resultant Mark 1:34 ᾔδεισαν pluperfect active indicative resultant Mark 2:10 εἰδῆτε perfect active subjunctive subjunctive Mark 4:13 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Mark 4:27 οἶδεν perfect active indicative resultant Mark 5:33 εἰδυῖα perfect active participle participle Mark 9:6 ᾔδει pluperfect active indicative resultant Mark 10:19 οἶδας perfect active indicative resultant Mark 10:38 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Mark 10:42 Οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Mark 11:33 οἴδαμεν perfect active indicative resultant Mark 12:14 οἴδαμεν perfect active indicative resultant Mark 12:24 εἰδότες perfect active participle participle Mark 13:32 οἶδεν perfect active indicative resultant Mark 13:33 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant Mark 13:35 οἴδατε perfect active indicative resultant
+251 more occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
γινώσκω / οἶδα is a primary verb - no further derivation.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain