Greek Form Guide

μοι, (moi) in Revelation 22:9: P-1DS

μοι, (moi) in Revelation 22:9

Textual Witness

μοι, moi P-1DS

In the provided textus receptus witness, the surface form is moi in Revelation 22:9, with the verse explicitly framed as direct speech.

How The Form Affects Interpretation

The form makes the speech relational and direct, so the verse reads as a personal injunction rather than a general statement.

How To Communicate It

In translation or teaching, render the pronoun as the person being addressed, preserving the directness of the warning and command.

What Not To Say

  • Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
  • The pronoun's case identifies its discourse role, but it does not determine the whole interpretation by itself.
  • Do not turn grammatical gender in this form into a theological gender claim.

What Does The Label Mean?

Part of Speech

Pronoun: the word points to a speaker or referent already identified in discourse, here in a speaker-to-addressee setting.

Case

Dative: the form commonly marks an indirect object, recipient, or other relational use, which fits the verb of speaking here.

Number

Singular: the form is grammatically singular in this occurrence and refers to one addressed person.

Gender

Common grammatical gender in this form is not the point of the pronoun, so no theological gender claim should be drawn from it.

What The Form Does In This Verse

Attached To

λέγει

Governed By

The pronoun is governed by the speaking verb and functions as the person spoken to, not as the main verbal subject.

Role In The Phrase

It marks the addressee of the angel's speech, giving the command and warning a direct personal target.

What It Is Not Doing

It does not name the speaker, and it does not by itself add emphasis beyond identifying who is being addressed.

How Much The Form Matters Here

Interpretive Weight

Moderate: The dative pronoun identifies John as the direct addressee of the angel's correction.

Syntax Profile

First-person singular dative addressee. marks John as the one to whom the warning is spoken. Attached to the verb of speaking. Governed by the angel's speech report. The form identifies the addressee; the content of the warning comes from the following speech.

Reader Question

To whom does the angel speak the correction? The angel speaks it to John.

Translation Effect

Direct: The dative pronoun directly supports English wording such as 'he said to me.'

Where Caution Is Needed

The pronoun identifies the addressee, not the speaker or the content of the command.

Fallacies To Avoid

Dative form always marks possession: With a speech verb, the dative commonly marks the person addressed.

How The Interpretation Is Derived

Textual Witness

In the provided textus receptus witness, the surface form is moi in Revelation 22:9, with the verse explicitly framed as direct speech.

Lexical Identity

The lemma is ἐγώ, a personal pronoun whose forms can mark person and relationship in context, including enclitic dative use.

Grammar In Context

Here the dative singular fits naturally after λέγει and before the imperative, showing the hearer of the command rather than a new topic.

Passage Meaning

The clause says that the speaker is addressing one person and telling that person to stop, to remember the speaker's status, and to worship God.

Canonical Fit

This use aligns with common New Testament pronoun usage in direct discourse, where a dative form can signal the person addressed without special emphasis.

Communication Use

For readers and hearers, the form helps make the warning immediate and personal, keeping the focus on the commanded response.

Do Not Derive

Do not infer extra theology, hidden emphasis, or a change of lemma from the case ending alone.