Greek · G1839 · unreviewed

ἐξίστημι

To amaze

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ἐξίστημι G1839

Pronunciation exístēmi

What does ἐξίστημι (exístēmi) mean in the Bible?

ἐξίστημι (exístēmi) is a Greek word meaning "to amaze". ἐξ-ίστημι (also in Hellenistic -ιστάνω, Act 8:9), [in LXX for H2730, etc. Frames familial misunderstanding as questioning sanity.

Full entry for ἐξίστημι (G1839) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to amaze

Extended definition

To be driven out of one's senses; amazement that displaces normal mental composure and rational thought.

1causal in Pres., impf., fut., 1 aor., to put out of its place; metaphorically, ἐ. τινά φρενῶν (Eur.), to drive one out of his senses, hence, absol., to confound, amaze: with accusative of person(s), Luk.24:22, Act.8:9, 11.

2Intr. in pass. and mid., also in 2 aor., pf., plpf. act., before ἐκ or with genitive, to stand aside from, retire from; esp. τ. φρενῶν, to lose one's senses (Eur.), hence, absol.;

ato be beside oneself, be mad: Mrk.3:21, 2Co.5:13 (opposite to σωφρονεῖν);

bto be amazed, confounded: Mat.12:23, Mrk.2:12 Mrk.5:42 Mrk.6:51, Luk.2:47 Luk.8:56, Act.2:7, 12 Act.8:13 Act.9:21 Act.10:45 Act.12:16 (Cremer, 309).

Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith

Why This Word Matters

Frames familial misunderstanding as questioning sanity. Mark 3:20–21

Grammatical Forms

How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.

Tenses

Imperfect Aorist Present Perfect

Voices

Middle Active

Indicative states a fact or reality 14×

Imperfect Middle Matt 12:23 · Mark 6:51 · Luke 2:47 · Acts 2:7 · Acts 2:12 · Acts 9:21 · Acts 8:13 7×

Aorist Active Mark 5:42 · Luke 8:56 · Luke 24:22 · Acts 10:45 · Acts 12:16 · Mark 3:21 · 2 Cor 5:13 7×

Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 2×

Present Middle Mark 2:12 1×

Perfect Active Acts 8:11 1×

Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 1×

Present Active Acts 8:9 1×

Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 17 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect

completed 7 background 7 infinitive 2 participle 1

Tense

aorist 7 imperfect 7 present 2 perfect 1

Voice

active 9 middle 8

Mood

indicative 14 infinitive 2 participle 1

NT Occurrences

Matthew 12:23 ἐξίσταντο imperfect middle indicative background Mark 2:12 ἐξίστασθαι present middle infinitive infinitive Mark 3:21 ἐξέστη aorist active indicative completed Mark 5:42 ἐξέστησαν aorist active indicative completed Mark 6:51 ἐξίσταντο imperfect middle indicative background Luke 2:47 ἐξίσταντο imperfect middle indicative background Luke 8:56 ἐξέστησαν aorist active indicative completed Luke 24:22 ἐξέστησαν aorist active indicative completed Acts 2:12 ἐξίσταντο imperfect middle indicative background Acts 2:7 ἐξίσταντο imperfect middle indicative background Acts 8:11 ἐξεστακέναι perfect active infinitive infinitive Acts 8:13 ἐξίστατο imperfect middle indicative background Acts 8:9 ἐξιστάνων present active participle participle Acts 9:21 ἐξίσταντο imperfect middle indicative background Acts 10:45 ἐξέστησαν aorist active indicative completed Acts 12:16 ἐξέστησαν aorist active indicative completed 2 Corinthians 5:13 ἐξέστημεν aorist active indicative completed

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Biblical Occurrences

Each occurrence shows the passage reference, the original language term as it appears in that context, its transliteration, and the contextual sense.

New Testament Witnesses

Mark 3:20–21 ἐξίστημι exístēmi Indicative · Aorist Active

to be beside oneself

Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

Acts 12 — The Lord Delivers His Servant and Judges Proud Opposition Mark 3 — The Servant-King Confronted: Sabbath Mercy, Demonic Accusation, and the Family of God Mark 6 — Rejected Prophet, Sending Lord, Wilderness Shepherd, and Divine Son on the Sea Matthew 12 — The Lord of the Sabbath, the Servant of the Lord, and the Crisis of Unbelief

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

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