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Greek · G3076, G4970 · unreviewed

ἐλυπήθησαν σφόδρα

To distress; reflexively or passively, to be sad · very

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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant

λυπέω G3076 to distress; reflexively or passively, to be sad
Pronunciation lypéō
Grief that impacts oneself or others; distinguished from joy as opposing emotional state in NT usage.
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σφόδρα G4970 very
Pronunciation sphódra
Intensifies with force or violence; conveys extreme degree beyond mere "very
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What does ἐλυπήθησαν σφόδρα (elypēthēsan sphodra) mean in the Bible?

λυπέω · σφόδρα is a Greek word meaning "to be sorrowful or distressed exceedingly".

Full entry for ἐλυπήθησαν σφόδρα (G3076, G4970) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to be sorrowful or distressed exceedingly
Grammatical Forms

How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.

Tenses
Present Aorist Perfect Future
Voices
Passive Active
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 7×
Present Passive Matt 19:22 · Mark 10:22 · 2 Cor 2:2 · Matt 26:22 · 2 Cor 6:10 5×
Aorist Passive Matt 14:9 · 1 Pet 1:6 2×
Indicative states a fact or reality 13×
Aorist Passive 2 Cor 7:9 · Matt 17:23 · Matt 18:31 · John 21:17 6×
Perfect Active 2 Cor 2:5 2×
Aorist Active 2 Cor 7:8 2×
Future Passive John 16:20 1×
Present Passive Rom 14:15 1×
Present Active 2 Cor 2:2 1×
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 3×
Present Passive Matt 26:37 · Mark 14:19 2×
Aorist Passive 2 Cor 7:11 1×
Subjunctive possibility, probability, or purpose 2×
Aorist Passive 2 Cor 2:4 1×
Present Passive 1 Thess 4:13 1×
Imperative command or strong request 1×
Present Active Eph 4:30 1×
26 total occurrences across all forms in the biblical text Morphology: MorphGNT SBLGNT — CC BY-SA 3.0
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 26 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
completed 8 ongoing 2 prospective 1 resultant 2 imperative 1 subjunctive 2 infinitive 3 participle 7
Tense
aorist 12 present 11 perfect 2 future 1
Voice
passive 20 active 6
Mood
indicative 13 participle 7 infinitive 3 subjunctive 2 imperative 1
NT Occurrences
Matthew 14:9 λυπηθεὶς aorist passive participle participle Matthew 17:23 ἐλυπήθησαν aorist passive indicative completed Matthew 18:31 ἐλυπήθησαν aorist passive indicative completed Matthew 19:22 λυπούμενος present passive participle participle Matthew 26:22 λυπούμενοι present passive participle participle Matthew 26:37 λυπεῖσθαι present passive infinitive infinitive Mark 10:22 λυπούμενος present passive participle participle Mark 14:19 λυπεῖσθαι present passive infinitive infinitive John 16:20 λυπηθήσεσθε future passive indicative prospective John 21:17 ἐλυπήθη aorist passive indicative completed Romans 14:15 λυπεῖται present passive indicative ongoing 2 Corinthians 2:2 λυπῶ present active indicative ongoing 2 Corinthians 2:2 λυπούμενος present passive participle participle 2 Corinthians 2:4 λυπηθῆτε aorist passive subjunctive subjunctive 2 Corinthians 2:5 λελύπηκεν perfect active indicative resultant 2 Corinthians 2:5 λελύπηκεν perfect active indicative resultant 2 Corinthians 6:10 λυπούμενοι present passive participle participle 2 Corinthians 7:11 λυπηθῆναι aorist passive infinitive infinitive 2 Corinthians 7:8 ἐλύπησα aorist active indicative completed 2 Corinthians 7:8 ἐλύπησεν aorist active indicative completed 2 Corinthians 7:9 ἐλυπήθητε aorist passive indicative completed 2 Corinthians 7:9 ἐλυπήθητε aorist passive indicative completed 2 Corinthians 7:9 ἐλυπήθητε aorist passive indicative completed Ephesians 4:30 λυπεῖτε present active imperative imperative 1 Thessalonians 4:13 λυπῆσθε present passive subjunctive subjunctive 1 Peter 1:6 λυπηθέντες aorist passive participle participle

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

Ephesians 4 — Walking Worthy: Unity, Maturity, and the New Life in Christ John 21 — The Risen Lord Restores, Commissions, Shepherds, and Testifies through His Witness Mark 16 — He Has Risen: The Empty Tomb, the Angelic Announcement, Galilee Promise, and Trembling Witness Matthew 14 — The Death of John, the Compassion of Jesus, and the Son of God over Bread, Sea, and Fear Matthew 17 — The Glory of the Son, the Coming of Elijah, the Failure of Little Faith, and the Son’s Humble Freedom Matthew 18 — Kingdom Humility, Care for the Little Ones, Discipline, and Forgiveness in Christ’s Community Matthew 19 — Marriage from Creation, Children Received, Riches Renounced, and the Reward of Following Christ Matthew 2 — The Messiah Worshiped, Threatened, Preserved, and Called Out of Egypt Romans 14 — Receiving One Another, Honoring the Lord, and Pursuing Peace in Matters of Conscience

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

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