ζωῆς, (zoes) in Revelation 22:14: Noun Genitive Singular Feminine
ζωῆς, (zoes) in Revelation 22:14
Textual Witness
The witness reads 'τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς' in Revelation 22:14, placing this form inside a fixed noun phrase in the blessing and entrance saying.
How The Form Affects Interpretation
The genitive makes 'life' modify and identify the tree, supporting the well-known image of 'the tree of life' and reinforcing the verse's picture of blessed access and restored entrance.
How To Communicate It
In explanation, say that the form signals a relationship, not a separate statement, so hearers grasp the image of life connected to the tree and the city's access.
What Not To Say
- Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
- Genitive case suggests relationship, but the verse and phrase determine the most responsible reading.
- Feminine grammatical gender is not a theological gender claim and should not be pressed beyond agreement.
What Does The Label Mean?
Noun: this form names a reality or concept, here the idea of life in a genitive relation.
Genitive: the form usually marks a relationship to another noun, and here it links 'life' to 'tree' in the phrase.
Singular: the form is grammatically singular in this occurrence, presenting the noun as one idea rather than a plural set.
Feminine: the noun belongs to the feminine grammatical class, which helps agreement but does not by itself make a theological gender claim.
What The Form Does In This Verse
τὸ ξύλον
The genitive is attached to the noun phrase 'the tree' and most naturally expresses the relationship between the tree and life in the phrase 'the tree of life.'
It functions as a genitive modifier that specifies which tree is meant, identifying it as the tree associated with life.
It does not by itself state agency, subjecthood, or possession in a strict legal sense, and it does not change the lemma into another word.
How Much The Form Matters Here
High: The genitive noun identifies the tree in the blessing about access and entrance into the city.
Genitive singular noun modifying tree. identifies the tree by its relation to life. Attached to the tree noun in Revelation 22:14. Governed by the blessing that speaks of access to the tree. The form names the tree's life association; the blessing supplies the access and obedience context.
Which tree is in view in the blessing? The genitive identifies it as the tree of life, the tree associated with blessed access.
Direct: The genitive relation directly supports wording such as "the tree of life."
The genitive identifies relation to life but does not by itself define every aspect of the tree image. The blessing and entrance language should guide the interpretation more than the case ending alone.
Case ending alone defines the tree's theology: The genitive identifies the tree; Revelation 22 and the broader canon frame the theological meaning. grammatical gender makes a theological claim: The feminine form reflects the noun class of life and should not be pressed further.
How The Interpretation Is Derived
The witness reads 'τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς' in Revelation 22:14, placing this form inside a fixed noun phrase in the blessing and entrance saying.
The lemma ζωή means life, literally or figuratively, so the word here points to life as a concept rather than to a different lexical item.
The genitive helps the phrase read as 'the tree of life', so the focus falls on the tree characterized by or linked with life within the verse's promise of blessed access.
In context, the form supports the image of authorized access to the tree of life and entry into the city, without requiring the genitive alone to settle every nuance of the relationship.
This use fits broader biblical patterns where life language can carry covenant and messianic resonance, but the immediate verse still governs the reading.
For readers and teachers, the grammar can be explained as a relationship word that helps specify the image, while the verse's promise remains the main communicative point.
Do not derive a standalone doctrine from the case ending, do not force a technical semantic category beyond the context, and do not make grammatical gender into a gender claim about God or people.