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Hebrew · H5003, G3431 · unreviewed

נָאַף

To commit adultery ; figuratively, to apostatize · to commit adultery

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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant

נָאַף H5003 to commit adultery ; figuratively, to apostatize
Pronunciation naaph
Sexual infidelity metaphorically frames Israel's covenant betrayal with God as marital unfaithfulness.
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μοιχεύω G3431 to commit adultery
Pronunciation moicheúō
Violates marriage covenant; also used metaphorically for spiritual unfaithfulness or idolatry.
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What does נָאַף (na'af) mean in the Bible?

נָאַף · μοιχεύω is a Hebrew word meaning "to commit adultery or be unfaithful in a covenant relationship".

Full entry for נָאַף (H5003, G3431) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to commit adultery or be unfaithful in a covenant relationship
Grammatical Forms

How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.

Piel intensive active — emphasizes thoroughness or repeated action 11×
Participle active Hos 7:4 · Isa 57:3 · Jer 9:1 · Jer 23:10 · Prov 30:20 · Ps 50:18 6×
Perfect Ezek 23:37 · Jer 3:8 3×
Imperfect Hos 4:13 · Hos 4:14 2×
Qal basic active stem — the word in its most common, direct sense 10×
Participle active Ezek 16:38 · Ezek 23:45 · Job 24:15 · Prov 6:32 5×
Imperfect Deut 5:18 · Exod 20:14 · Lev 20:10 4×
Infinitive absolute Jer 23:14 1×
21 total occurrences across all forms in the biblical text Morphology: OSHB — CC BY 4.0
Hebrew Verb Forms

How this verb appears across 21 occurrences in the Hebrew OT (OSHB Leningrad Codex).

Aspect / Form
Participle 11 Imperfect 6 Perfect 3 Infinitive absolute 1
Stem
Piel 11 Qal 10
Mood
Indicative/jussive 6 Indicative 3
OT Occurrences
Exod 20:14 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Lev 20:10 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Lev 20:10 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Deut 5:18 Qal · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Job 24:15 Qal · Participle Ps 50:18 Piel · Participle Prov 6:32 Qal · Participle Prov 30:20 Piel · Participle Isa 57:3 Piel · Participle Jer 3:8 Piel · Perfect · Indicative Jer 9:1 Piel · Participle Jer 23:10 Piel · Participle Jer 23:14 Qal · Infinitive absolute Ezek 16:38 Qal · Participle Ezek 23:37 Piel · Perfect · Indicative Ezek 23:37 Piel · Perfect · Indicative Ezek 23:45 Qal · Participle Ezek 23:45 Qal · Participle Hos 4:13 Piel · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Hos 4:14 Piel · Imperfect · Indicative/jussive Hos 7:4 Piel · Participle

Aspect in Hebrew reflects grammatical form, not tense. "Perfect" (Perfective) typically denotes completed action; "Imperfect" (Imperfective) denotes incomplete or ongoing action. Stem modifies the action type (Qal=simple, Niphal=passive, Piel=intensive, etc.).

Morphology: OSHB WLC (Open Scriptures, CC BY 4.0) · STEPBible TEHMC (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0)

Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

Matthew 19 — Marriage from Creation, Children Received, Riches Renounced, and the Reward of Following Christ Romans 13 — Submission to Governing Authorities, Love as the Fulfillment of the Law, and Life in the Light of the Coming Day

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

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