Greek Form Guide

εἶπε, (eipen) in John 1:42: Verb Third Person Singular Second Aorist Active Indicative

εἶπε, (eipen) in John 1:42

Textual Witness

εἶπε, eipen Verb Third Person Singular Second Aorist Active Indicative

The witness reads εἶπε in John 1:42 in the TR Scrivener 1894 text, within the clause where Jesus speaks to Simon.

How The Form Affects Interpretation

The form keeps focus on Jesus' spoken, narrated response and supports reading the sentence as a direct statement to Simon.

How To Communicate It

It functions as the speech frame for the quotation, guiding the reader to attend to what Jesus says next.

What Not To Say

  • Grammatical form should serve context, not override it.
  • Do not overread tense, voice, or mood beyond what the sentence clearly supports.
  • Do not make verbal form or gender carry theological claims that the passage does not state.

What Does The Label Mean?

Part of Speech

Verb: the form names an action of speaking, and here it reports Jesus' spoken response in the sentence.

Tense / Aspect

Second Aorist: commonly views the action as a whole event. It should not be treated as automatically punctiliar or automatically past in every context.

Voice

Active: presents the subject as doing or carrying the action.

Mood

Indicative: presents the verbal idea as an assertion or statement in the clause.

Person

Third person: the form speaks about someone or something rather than directly as I/we or you.

Case

Not applicable: this verb form is not using noun case to mark its sentence role.

Number

Singular: the form is singular, matching the single speaker, Jesus, in this occurrence.

Gender

Not applicable: this verb form does not use grammatical gender to make its point.

What The Form Does In This Verse

Attached To

ὁ Ἰησοῦς

Governed By

The verb is governed by the subject ὁ Ἰησοῦς and introduces direct speech to Simon in the quoted line.

Role In The Phrase

It functions as the main speech verb that frames Jesus' address and the naming statement that follows.

What It Is Not Doing

It does not by itself tell the reader the content of the speech or add a separate action beyond speaking.

How Much The Form Matters Here

Interpretive Weight

High: The aorist speech verb introduces Jesus addressing Simon and naming him Cephas.

Syntax Profile

Third-person singular second aorist active indicative address verb. frames Jesus direct address and naming statement. Attached to Jesus as the speaker and Simon as the addressee. Governed by the narrative clause that brings Simon to Jesus. The aorist reports the speech event; the naming content is carried by the quotation.

Reader Question

Who speaks the naming statement? The singular speech verb presents Jesus as the speaker who addresses Simon.

Translation Effect

Direct: The third-person aorist directly supports English wording such as "Jesus said."

Where Caution Is Needed

The verb frames the address, but the naming statement must be interpreted from Jesus words and the wider context.

Fallacies To Avoid

Aorist tense creates the meaning of the name: The aorist reports the saying; the name and its interpretation come from the quoted statement and context.

How The Interpretation Is Derived

Textual Witness

The witness reads εἶπε in John 1:42 in the TR Scrivener 1894 text, within the clause where Jesus speaks to Simon.

Lexical Identity

The lemma is λέγω, a common verb of saying, speaking, declaring, or reporting words.

Grammar In Context

The verb form marks a completed speech event in the narrative and serves to introduce the quoted words that identify Simon and rename him.

Passage Meaning

In this verse, the grammar helps the reader hear Jesus' direct, decisive address before the naming and promise that follow.

Canonical Fit

Across Scripture, saying verbs often frame revelation, instruction, or naming, and this verse fits that communicative pattern without needing extra force from the form alone.

Communication Use

For communication, the form signals that the important content lies in the quoted words, while the verb itself simply anchors them in the story.

Do Not Derive

Do not derive a hidden theological code from the aorist form, and do not treat tense alone as controlling the verse's meaning.