What does ἐπαίρω · πτέρνα mean in the Bible?
ἐπαίρω · πτέρνα is a Greek phrase meaning "lift the heel against, turn treacherously".
Greek · G1869, G4418
ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν
To raise up (literally or figuratively) · the heel (figuratively)
Reading a lexicon entry
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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant
ἐπαίρωG1869to raise up (literally or figuratively)
Pronunciationepaírō
Lift up physically or metaphorically; can mean becoming arrogant or prideful when used passively.
Open lexicon entry →πτέρναG4418the heel (figuratively)
Pronunciationptérna
Heel as the vulnerable point of the body; figuratively, treachery or betrayal through close association.
Open lexicon entry →What does ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν (epēren tēn pternan) mean in the Bible?
ἐπαίρω · πτέρνα is a Greek phrase meaning "lift the heel against, turn treacherously".
Full entry for ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν (G1869, G4418) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How many biblical occurrences are listed for G1869, G4418?
G1869, G4418 is connected to 19 lexical occurrence verses in the lexicon data.
Evidence Summary
Greek phrase. lift the heel against, turn treacherously
Source Gloss
lift the heel against, turn treacherously
Grammatical Forms
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups4Aligned forms19TensesAorist, PresentVoicesActive, Passive, Middle
Tenses
Voices
Participleverbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality10×
Aorist ActiveLuke 6:20 · Luke 16:23 · Luke 24:50 · John 6:5 · John 17:1 · Matt 17:8 · Acts 27:40 · Luke 11:278×
Present Middle2 Cor 10:51×
Present Active1 Tim 2:81×
Imperativecommand or strong request2×
Aorist ActiveLuke 21:28 · John 4:352×
Indicativestates a fact or reality6×
Aorist ActiveJohn 13:18 · Acts 2:14 · Acts 14:11 · Acts 22:224×
Aorist PassiveActs 1:91×
Present Middle2 Cor 11:201×
Infinitiveverbal noun — the action in abstract1×
Aorist ActiveLuke 18:131×
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 19 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist16present3
Voice
active16middle2passive1
Mood
participle10indicative6imperative2infinitive1
NT Occurrences
Matthew 17:8ἐπάραντεςaorist active participleparticipleLuke 6:20ἐπάραςaorist active participleparticipleLuke 11:27ἐπάρασάaorist active participleparticipleLuke 16:23ἐπάραςaorist active participleparticipleLuke 18:13ἐπᾶραιaorist active infinitiveinfinitiveLuke 21:28ἐπάρατεaorist active imperativeimperativeLuke 24:50ἐπάραςaorist active participleparticipleJohn 4:35ἐπάρατεaorist active imperativeimperativeJohn 6:5ἐπάραςaorist active participleparticipleJohn 13:18ἐπῆρενaorist active indicativecompletedJohn 17:1ἐπάραςaorist active participleparticipleActs 1:9ἐπήρθηaorist passive indicativecompletedActs 2:14ἐπῆρενaorist active indicativecompletedActs 14:11ἐπῆρανaorist active indicativecompletedActs 22:22ἐπῆρανaorist active indicativecompletedActs 27:40ἐπάραντεςaorist active participleparticiple2 Corinthians 10:5ἐπαιρόμενονpresent middle participleparticiple2 Corinthians 11:20ἐπαίρεταιpresent middle indicativeongoing1 Timothy 2:8ἐπαίρονταςpresent active participleparticiple
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν is built from these roots: