What does ἐπαίρω · πτέρνα mean in the Bible?
ἐπαίρω · πτέρνα is a Greek phrase meaning "lift the heel against, turn treacherously".
Greek · G1869, G4418
ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν
To raise up (literally or figuratively) · the heel (figuratively)
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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant
ἐπαίρω G1869 to raise up (literally or figuratively)
Pronunciation epaírō
Lift up physically or metaphorically; can mean becoming arrogant or prideful when used passively.
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πτέρνα G4418 the heel (figuratively)
Pronunciation ptérna
Heel as the vulnerable point of the body; figuratively, treachery or betrayal through close association.
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What does ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν (epēren tēn pternan) mean in the Bible?
ἐπαίρω · πτέρνα is a Greek phrase meaning "lift the heel against, turn treacherously".
Full entry for ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν (G1869, G4418) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How many biblical occurrences are listed for G1869, G4418?
G1869, G4418 is connected to 19 lexical occurrence verses in the lexicon data.
Evidence Summary
Greek phrase. lift the heel against, turn treacherously
Source Gloss
lift the heel against, turn treacherously
Grammatical Forms
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 4 Aligned forms 19 Tenses Aorist, Present Voices Active, Passive, Middle
Tenses
Voices
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 10×
Aorist Active Luke 6:20 · Luke 16:23 · Luke 24:50 · John 6:5 · John 17:1 · Matt 17:8 · Acts 27:40 · Luke 11:27 8×
Present Middle 2 Cor 10:5 1×
Present Active 1 Tim 2:8 1×
Imperative command or strong request 2×
Aorist Active Luke 21:28 · John 4:35 2×
Indicative states a fact or reality 6×
Aorist Active John 13:18 · Acts 2:14 · Acts 14:11 · Acts 22:22 4×
Aorist Passive Acts 1:9 1×
Present Middle 2 Cor 11:20 1×
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 1×
Aorist Active Luke 18:13 1×
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 19 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist 16 present 3
Voice
active 16 middle 2 passive 1
Mood
participle 10 indicative 6 imperative 2 infinitive 1
NT Occurrences
Matthew 17:8 ἐπάραντες aorist active participle participle Luke 6:20 ἐπάρας aorist active participle participle Luke 11:27 ἐπάρασά aorist active participle participle Luke 16:23 ἐπάρας aorist active participle participle Luke 18:13 ἐπᾶραι aorist active infinitive infinitive Luke 21:28 ἐπάρατε aorist active imperative imperative Luke 24:50 ἐπάρας aorist active participle participle John 4:35 ἐπάρατε aorist active imperative imperative John 6:5 ἐπάρας aorist active participle participle John 13:18 ἐπῆρεν aorist active indicative completed John 17:1 ἐπάρας aorist active participle participle Acts 1:9 ἐπήρθη aorist passive indicative completed Acts 2:14 ἐπῆρεν aorist active indicative completed Acts 14:11 ἐπῆραν aorist active indicative completed Acts 22:22 ἐπῆραν aorist active indicative completed Acts 27:40 ἐπάραντες aorist active participle participle 2 Corinthians 10:5 ἐπαιρόμενον present middle participle participle 2 Corinthians 11:20 ἐπαίρεται present middle indicative ongoing 1 Timothy 2:8 ἐπαίροντας present active participle participle
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Origins
ἐπῆρεν τὴν πτέρναν is built from these roots:
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain