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Greek · G3037, G2198

λίθος

A stone (literally or figuratively) · to live (literally or figuratively)

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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant

λίθος G3037 a stone (literally or figuratively)
Pronunciation líthos
Stone carries metaphorical weight in NT: Christ as cornerstone, believers as living stones, stumbling block.
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ζάω G2198 to live (literally or figuratively)
Pronunciation záō
Living physically or spiritually; distinctively means existing in active relationship with God or Christ.
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What does λίθος (líthos) mean in the Bible?

λίθος · ζάω is a Greek phrase meaning "a stone (literally or figuratively)".

Full entry for λίθος (G3037, G2198) · Open the biblical lexicon

Questions this entry answers

What does λίθος · ζάω mean in the Bible?

λίθος · ζάω is a Greek phrase meaning "a stone (literally or figuratively)".

How many biblical occurrences are listed for G3037, G2198?

G3037, G2198 is connected to 58 lexical occurrence verses in the lexicon data.

Evidence Summary

Messiah

Greek phrase. a stone (literally or figuratively)

Strong's G3037, G2198
Lexical occurrences 58 verses Word forms 8 forms 58 references Study link 1 Peter 2:1-10

Source Gloss

a stone (literally or figuratively)
Extended definition

:--(mill-, stumbling-)stone.

Grammatical Forms

How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.

This word appears as a noun across 8 case and number patterns. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.

Form patterns 8 Aligned forms 58 Case pattern Accusative (28) Number pattern Singular (46)
Nominative · Singular · Masculine Matt 24:2 · Mark 13:2 · Mark 16:4 · Luke 17:2 · Luke 21:6 · John 11:38 · Acts 4:11 · 1 Pet 2:7 · 1 Pet 2:8 9×
Nominative · Plural · Masculine Matt 4:3 · Mark 13:1 · Luke 19:40 · 1 Pet 2:5 4×
Genitive · Plural · Masculine Matt 3:9 · Luke 3:8 2×
Genitive · Singular · Masculine Luke 22:41 · Rev 18:12 2×
Dative · Singular · Masculine Luke 4:3 · Luke 21:6 · Acts 17:29 · Rom 9:32 · Rev 4:3 · Rev 17:4 · Rev 18:16 · Rev 21:11 · Rev 21:19 10×
Dative · Plural · Masculine Mark 5:5 · Luke 21:5 · 2 Cor 3:7 3×
Accusative · Singular · Masculine Matt 4:6 · Matt 7:9 · Matt 21:42 · Matt 21:44 · Matt 24:2 · Matt 27:60 · Matt 27:66 · Matt 28:2 · Mark 12:10 · Mark 13:2 · Mark 15:46 · Mark 16:3 · Luke 4:11 · Luke 19:44 · Luke 20:17 · Luke 20:18 25×
Accusative · Plural · Masculine John 8:59 · John 10:31 · 1 Cor 3:12 3×
58 total occurrences across all forms in the biblical text Morphology: MorphGNT SBLGNT — CC BY-SA 3.0
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 134 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
completed 6 ongoing 27 prospective 20 background 2 subjunctive 10 infinitive 12 participle 57
Tense
present 99 future 20 aorist 13 imperfect 2
Voice
active 123 middle 11
Mood
participle 57 indicative 55 infinitive 12 subjunctive 10
NT Occurrences
Matthew 4:4 ζήσεται future middle indicative prospective Matthew 9:18 ζήσεται future middle indicative prospective Matthew 16:16 ζῶντος present active participle participle Matthew 26:63 ζῶντος present active participle participle Matthew 27:63 ζῶν present active participle participle Mark 5:23 ζήσῃ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Mark 16:11 ζῇ present active indicative ongoing Luke 2:36 ζήσασα aorist active participle participle Luke 4:4 ζήσεται future middle indicative prospective Luke 10:28 ζήσῃ future middle indicative prospective Luke 15:13 ζῶν present active participle participle Luke 15:32 ἔζησεν aorist active indicative completed Luke 20:38 ζῶσιν present active indicative ongoing Luke 24:23 ζῆν present active infinitive infinitive Luke 24:5 ζῶντα present active participle participle John 4:10 ζῶν present active participle participle John 4:11 ζῶν present active participle participle John 4:50 ζῇ present active indicative ongoing John 4:51 ζῇ present active indicative ongoing John 4:53 ζῇ present active indicative ongoing John 5:25 ζήσουσιν future active indicative prospective John 6:51 ζῶν present active participle participle John 6:51 ζήσει future active indicative prospective John 6:57 ζῶν present active participle participle John 6:57 ζῶ present active indicative ongoing John 6:57 ζήσει future active indicative prospective John 6:58 ζήσει future active indicative prospective John 7:38 ζῶντος present active participle participle John 11:25 ζήσεται future middle indicative prospective John 11:26 ζῶν present active participle participle John 14:19 ζῶ present active indicative ongoing John 14:19 ζήσετε future active indicative prospective Acts 1:3 ζῶντα present active participle participle Acts 7:38 ζῶντα present active participle participle Acts 9:41 ζῶσαν present active participle participle Acts 10:42 ζώντων present active participle participle Acts 14:15 ζῶντα present active participle participle Acts 20:12 ζῶντα present active participle participle Acts 22:22 ζῆν present active infinitive infinitive Acts 25:19 ζῆν present active infinitive infinitive +94 more occurrences

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Sampled Scripture Occurrences

Representative Scripture witnesses for this entry: passage, original form, and sense in context.

New Testament Witnesses
1 Peter 2:1-10 living stone líthos · záō Nominative · Singular · Masculine
a stone possessing life
Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain

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