Focused Passage

Judges 11:37-40

Jephthah's Rise, Covenant Argument, and Tragic Vow

Jephthah rises from rejected son and outlaw leader to covenant spokesman and Spirit-empowered deliverer against Ammon, yet his unnecessary vow turns victory into domestic tragedy and exposes the dangerous mixture of faith, courage, ignorance, and disordered worship in Israel's leadership.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

37She also said to her father, “Let me do this one thing: Let me wander for two months through the mountains with my friends and mourn my virginity.”

38“Go,” he said. And he sent her away for two months. So she left with her friends and mourned her virginity upon the mountains.

39After two months, she returned to her father, and he did to her as he had vowed. And she had never had relations with a man. So it has become a custom in Israel

40that each year the young women of Israel go out for four days to lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 37

Original words

She also saidוַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionher fatherאָבִ֔יהָH1Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singularLet me doיֵעָ֥שֶׂהH6213Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .לִּ֖יPreposition | first person common singularthisהַזֶּ֑הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singular. . .הַרְפֵּ֨הH7503Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular. . .מִמֶּ֜נִּיH4480Preposition | first person common singularone thingהַדָּבָ֣רH1697Article | Noun - masculine singularLet me wanderוְאֵֽלְכָה֙H1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular. . .וְיָרַדְתִּ֣יH3381Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singularfor twoשְׁנַ֣יִםH8147Number - mdmonthsחֳדָשִׁ֗יםH2320Noun - masculine pluralthroughעַל־H5921Prepositionthe mountainsהֶֽהָרִ֔יםH2022Article | Noun - masculine plural. . .אָנֹכִ֖יH595Pronoun - first person common singularwith my friendsוְרֵעְיֹתָי׃H7464Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common singularand mournוְאֶבְכֶּה֙H1058Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common singular. . .עַל־H5921Prepositionmy virginityבְּתוּלַ֔יH1331Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular
Verse 38

Original words

Goלֵ֔כִיH1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singularhe saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularAnd he sent her awayוַיִּשְׁלַ֥חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אוֹתָ֖הּH853Direct object marker | third person feminine singularfor twoשְׁנֵ֣יH8147Number - masculine dual constructmonthsחֳדָשִׁ֑יםH2320Noun - masculine pluralSo sheהִיא֙H1931Pronoun - third person feminine singularleftוַתֵּ֤לֶךְH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singularwith her friendsוְרֵ֣עוֹתֶ֔יהָH7464Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singularand mournedוַתֵּ֥בְךְּH1058Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singularעַל־עַל־H5921Prepositionher virginityבְּתוּלֶ֖יהָH1331Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singularuponעַל־H5921Prepositionthe mountainsהֶהָרִֽים׃H2022Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 39

Original words

-וַיְהִ֞יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularAfterמִקֵּ֣ץ׀H7093Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular constructtwoשְׁנַ֣יִםH8147Number - mdmonthsחֳדָשִׁ֗יםH2320Noun - masculine pluralshe returnedוַתָּ֙שָׁב֙H7725Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionher fatherאָבִ֔יהָH1Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singularand he didוַיַּ֣עַשׂH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto herלָ֔הּPreposition | third person feminine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markervvvנִדְר֖וֹH5088Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularvvvאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeas he had vowedנָדָ֑רH5087Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularAnd sheוְהִיא֙H1931Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person feminine singularhad neverלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlehad relationsיָדְעָ֣הH3045Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularwith a manאִ֔ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularSo it has becomeוַתְּהִי־H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singulara customחֹ֖קH2706Noun - masculine singularin Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃H3478Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 40

Original words

that eachמִיָּמִ֣ים׀H3117Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural. . .יָמִ֗ימָהH3117Noun - masculine plural | third person feminine singularyearבַּשָּׁנָֽה׃סH8141Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singularthe young womenבְּנ֣וֹתH1323Noun - feminine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singulargo outתֵּלַ֙כְנָה֙H1980Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine pluralfor fourאַרְבַּ֥עַתH702Number - masculine singular constructdaysיָמִ֖יםH3117Noun - masculine pluralto lamentלְתַנּ֕וֹתH8567Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructthe daughterלְבַת־H1323Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular constructof Jephthahיִפְתָּ֖חH3316Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Gileaditeהַגִּלְעָדִ֑יH1569Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular

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