Focused Passage

Judges 19:4-7

Gibeah's Outrage: Covenant Hospitality Collapses into Horror

Judges 19 descends from attempted household reconciliation into national moral horror, showing that when there is no righteous covenant rule, Israelite society can become unsafe for the vulnerable, brutal toward women, and numb to the LORD's holy standards.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

4His father-in-law, the girl’s father, persuaded him to stay, so he remained with him three days, eating, drinking, and lodging there.

5On the fourth day, they got up early in the morning and prepared to depart, but the girl’s father said to his son-in-law, “Refresh your heart with a morsel of bread, and then you can go.”

6So they sat down and the two of them ate and drank together. Then the girl’s father said to the man, “Please agree to stay overnight and let your heart be merry.”

7The man got up to depart, but his father-in-law persuaded him, so he stayed there that night.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 4

Original words

His father-in-lawחֹֽתְנוֹ֙H2859Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularthe girl’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֔הH5291Article | Noun - feminine singularfatherאֲבִ֣יH1Noun - masculine singular constructpersuaded him to stayוַיֶּחֱזַק־H2388Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .בּ֤וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularso he remainedוַיֵּ֥שֶׁבH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith himאִתּ֖וֹH854Preposition | third person masculine singularthreeשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתH7969Number - masculine singular constructdaysיָמִ֑יםH3117Noun - masculine pluraleatingוַיֹּאכְלוּ֙H398Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraldrinkingוַיִּשְׁתּ֔וּH8354Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland lodgingוַיָּלִ֖ינוּH3885Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralthereשָֽׁם׃H8033Adverb

Verse 5

Cross-references

Genesis 18:5Classic cross-references Judges 19:8Classic cross-references John 4:34Classic cross-references

Original words

-וַֽיְהִי֙H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularOn the fourthהָרְבִיעִ֔יH7243Article | Number - ordinal masculine singulardayבַּיּ֣וֹםH3117Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularthey got up earlyוַיַּשְׁכִּ֥ימוּH7925Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin the morningבַבֹּ֖קֶרH1242Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularand preparedוַיָּ֣קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto departלָלֶ֑כֶתH1980Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructbut the girl’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֜הH5291Article | Noun - feminine singularfatherאֲבִ֨יH1Noun - masculine singular constructsaidוַיֹּאמֶר֩H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionhis son-in-lawחֲתָנ֗וֹH2860Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularRefreshסְעָ֧דH5582Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularyour heartלִבְּךָ֛H3820Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularwith a morselפַּת־H6595Noun - feminine singular constructof breadלֶ֖חֶםH3899Noun - masculine singularand thenוְאַחַ֥רH310Conjunctive waw | Adverbyou can goתֵּלֵֽכוּ׃H1980Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural

Verse 6

Cross-references

Ruth 3:7Classic cross-references 2 Samuel 13:28Classic cross-references Judges 16:25Classic cross-references Judges 19:9Classic cross-references Esther 1:10Classic cross-references

Original words

So they sat downוַיֵּשְׁב֗וּH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland the twoשְׁנֵיהֶ֛םH8147Number - masculine dual construct | third person masculine pluralof them ateוַיֹּאכְל֧וּH398Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland drankוַיִּשְׁתּ֑וּH8354Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraltogetherיַחְדָּ֖וH3162AdverbThen the girl’sהַֽנַּעֲרָה֙H5291Article | Noun - feminine singularfatherאֲבִ֤יH1Noun - masculine singular constructsaidוַיֹּ֜אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe manהָאִ֔ישׁH376Article | Noun - masculine singularPleaseנָ֥אH4994Interjectionagreeהֽוֹאֶל־H2974Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singularto stay overnightוְלִ֖יןH3885Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularand let your heartלִבֶּֽךָ׃H3820Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularbe merryוְיִטַ֥בH3190Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine singular

Verse 7

Original words

The manהָאִ֖ישׁH376Article | Noun - masculine singulargot upוַיָּ֥קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto departלָלֶ֑כֶתH1980Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructbut his father-in-lawחֹתְנ֔וֹH2859Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular. . .וַיָּ֖שָׁבH7725Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularpersuadedוַיִּפְצַר־H6484Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularhimבּוֹ֙Preposition | third person masculine singularso he stayedוַיָּ֥לֶןH3885Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthere that nightשָֽׁם׃H8033Adverb

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